土地利用结构的景观生态学分析——以甘肃省为例

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用景观生态学中“斑块—廊道—基质”模式和景观指数对甘肃省土地利用结构进行了研究。结果表明:①土地利用结构根据基质的土地利用类型可以分为4种类型:天水市、定西市、平凉市、临夏州以耕地为基质;陇南市以林地为基质;兰州市、白银市、张掖市、庆阳市、甘南州以牧草地为基质;嘉峪关市,金昌市,酒泉市,武威市则以未利用地为基质。②在自然地理分异背景的控制下,土地利用结构类型在空间分布上具有明显的差异性。③土地利用结构的异质性既具有均质化方向上的,也具有异质化方向的,但总体上变化不大。④虽然最大斑块在空间上差异明显,但时间上的变化不显著。⑤土地利用结构中最小斑块均为园地,除了平凉市和天水市的变化明显且呈递增的趋势外,其他市(州)增长比例都较小。⑥林地在空间上和时间上都是变化最大的斑块,其次为耕地和牧草地。

关键词: 土地利用结构, 景观生态学, 甘肃省

Abstract: The land use structure in Gansu province was studied from aspects of "patch-corridor-matrix" pattern and landscape ecology index. The result showed as follows: ①There are four types of land use regionalized by base pattern: a. cropland type-including Tianshui, Dingxi, Pingliang, Linxia; b. woodland type-including Longnan; c. grassland type-including Lanzhou, Baiyin, Zhangye, Qingyang, Gannan; d. unused land type-including Jiayuguan, Jinchang, Jiuquan, Wuwei. ②The land use structure types have obvious in the spatial distribution under the control of the naturally geographic differentiation. ③The heterogeneity of land use structure of Lanzhou, Jiayuguan, Jinchang, Jiuquan, Zhangye, Gannan is homogeneous heterogeneity, and that of Baiyin, Tianshui, Wuwei, Pingliang, Qingyang, Linxia belongs to heterogeneous heterogeneity, but the change tendency is generally not obvious. ④The maximum patch did not change obviously in time, although change remarkably in space. ⑤The patch of the land use structure were garden plot in all cities, and they all increased less except that of Pingliang and Tianshui have obvious increasing trend. ⑥Woodland is the main patch with the greatest change in space-time, followed by cropland then grassland.

Key words: land use structure, landscape ecology, Gansu province

中图分类号:

Q901

李晓丹;刘学录*. 土地利用结构的景观生态学分析——以甘肃省为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2009, 29(4): 723-727.

LI Xiao-dan;LIU Xue-lu. Landscape Ecology Analysis of Land Use Structure in Gansu Province[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2009, 29(4): 723-727.

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