Abstract: Based on the development of irrigated farmland in arid desert area has become a central issue in desert management and development, the keys of farmland development are Improving water use efficiency and establishing optimal irrigation systems. The research area was located in Ulan buh Desert. The experiment established three sites with exchanged local soil to sand, loam and clay under the tillage layer for 50 cm. The results indicated that:The deep percolation were observed 13 hours after irrigation, 72 hours and 257 hours in sand, loam and clay sites at 150 cm depth with a 118.64 mm single irrigation on 17 April 2017. And deep percolation 15 days after irrigation were 110.87 mm, 12.2 mm, 0.8 mm for sand, loam and clay sites at 150 cm depth. Moreover, with 641.53 mm irrigation amount in growth period, the total amount of leakage water is 449.60 mm in sand and loam 270.60 mm in loam, water storage capacity were -35.32 mm and -48.79 mm for soil and sand in 2017. The difference of leakage amount occured at sand, loam and clay which affected the irrigated amount and rate. So, monitoring accurately of leakage from soil of different textures which is very important on scientific formulated of irrigation systems for farmland in desert areas.

Key words: Ulan buh Desert, arid area, irrigated farmland, deep percolation rate, water balance