Effects of tillage on distribution and stability of soil aggregates in Horqin Sandy Land

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00131

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 212-220.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00131

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Effects of tillage on distribution and stability of soil aggregates in Horqin Sandy Land

Liyue Cao¹(), Yulin Li²(), Jin Zhan²^,³, Lina Shi²

^1.College of Geography and Environmental Science，Northwest Normal University，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.Naiman Desertification Research Station，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China

Received:2020-12-23 Revised:2020-12-30 Online:2021-03-20 Published:2021-03-26
Contact: Yulin Li

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to find out the effects of tillage on the composition and stability of soil water-stable aggregates， this study analyzed distribution of aggregates with different particle sizes of corn fields with different tillage period and the sandy grassland nearby in the 0-40 cm soil layer by wet sieving method in Horqin area. The content of soil aggregates of >0.25 mm （W_0.25）， mean weight diameter （MWD）， geometric mean diameter （GMD）， fractal dimension （D） and soil erosibility factor （K） were studied to explain the distribution and stability characteristics of water-stable aggregates under different tillage period and soil depth. The results showed that：（1） tillage exerted remarkable effects on the content of soil water-stable aggregates， the content of macro-aggregates presented an "N" type trend with the increase of tillage period， which was consistent in different soil layers. （2） W_0.25， MWD and GMD of soil aggregates in 15-20 years were higher than the others， while the D and K were opposite， the stability of the upper layer aggregates was better than that of the lower one. （3） Correlation analysis showed that soil aggregates content of >1 mm was significantly positively correlated with W_0.25， MWD and GMD （P<0.01）， but was negatively correlated with the aggregates content of 0.5-0.25 mm， <0.25 mm， D and K （P<0.01）. In summary， tillage activities enhanced the stability of soil aggregates in Horqin area， 15-20 years of tillage has strong anti-erodibility， and tillage of more than 20 years may lead to land degradation， conservation tillage should be considered to achieve sustainable and healthy development of soil. The water-stable aggregates content of >1 mm can be used as an important parameter to evaluate the soil quality in this area.

Key words: water-stable aggregate, tillage period, particle size distribution, soil aggregate stability

CLC Number:

S152.3

Liyue Cao, Yulin Li, Jin Zhan, Lina Shi. Effects of tillage on distribution and stability of soil aggregates in Horqin Sandy Land[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2021, 41(2): 212-220.

Figures/Tables 7

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土层深度 /cm	开垦年限 /a	团聚体含量/%
		>1 mm		1—0.5 mm		0.5—0.25 mm		小于0.25 mm
		开垦	对照	开垦	对照	开垦	对照	开垦	对照
0—10	0—5	22.23±0.02^Ha	23.26±0.19^b	3.92±0.02^Ca	1.22±0.01^b	11.03±0.02^Aa	3.76±0.01^b	62.83±0.04^Aa	71.77±0.19^b
	5—10	29.58±0.00^Fa	27.19±0.09^b	1.53±0.00^Ga	1.38±0.01^b	8.05±0.02^Ca	3.80±0.02^b	60.84±0.02^Ba	67.63±0.08^b
	10—15	28.21±0.16^Ga	18.40±0.12^b	3.88±0.00^Da	2.03±0.01^b	8.04±0.02^Ca	6.58±0.04^b	59.88±0.16^Ca	73.00±0.12^b
	15—20	55.15±0.03^Aa	45.76±0.16^b	2.24±0.01^Fa	1.27±0.01^b	5.78±0.02^Da	2.65±0.01^b	36.83±0.01^Ha	50.32±0.16^b
	20—25	46.67±0.01^Ba	36.12±0.07^b	2.83±0.01^Ea	2.15±0.00^b	5.69±0.01^Ea	4.41±0.02^b	44.81±0.02^Fa	57.32±0.05^b
	25—30	30.59±0.03^Ea	22.53±0.17^b	4.06±0.01^Ba	2.59±0.01^b	8.95±0.00^Ba	5.98±0.03^b	56.41±0.04^Da	68.90±0.15^b
	30—35	39.72±0.15^Da	30.99±0.08^b	6.72±0.01^Aa	3.30±0.01^b	2.83±0.00^Fa	4.33±0.02^b	50.73±0.15^Ea	61.39±0.10^b
	35—40	47.95±0.01^Ca	33.40±0.19^b	3.91±0.01^Ca	2.31±0.01^b	5.70±0.01^Ea	4.31±0.02^b	42.44±0.02^Ga	59.98±0.18^b
10—20	0—5	32.35±0.02^Ca	11.06±0.11^b	2.13±0.01^Ea	1.19±0.00^b	7.34±0.01^Ea	7.62±0.04^b	58.18±0.02^Ca	80.13±0.15^b
	5—10	32.10±0.03^Da	22.81±0.10^b	1.76±0.01^Ga	1.08±0.01^b	9.08±0.02^Ba	4.19±0.04^b	57.06±0.04^Ea	71.92±0.09^b
	10—15	31.97±0.15^Ea	6.16±0.06^b	2.56±0.01^Da	1.74±0.01^b	8.78±0.00^Da	6.32±0.03^b	56.68±0.15^Fa	85.78±0.05^b
	15—20	59.69±0.04^Aa	23.71±0.11^b	1.26±0.00^Ha	1.68±0.00^b	4.62±0.00^Ha	5.03±0.02^b	34.43±0.03^Ha	69.58±0.10^b
	20—25	29.61±0.07^Fa	21.65±0.16^b	4.21±0.02^Aa	2.10±0.01^b	7.27±0.03^Fa	4.56±0.02^b	58.91±0.08^Ba	71.70±0.15^b
	25—30	22.48±0.09^Ga	14.39±0.18^b	2.95±0.00^Ca	2.14±0.01^b	9.70±0.03^Aa	7.67±0.05^b	64.88±0.09^Aa	75.80±0.15^b
	30—35	29.52±0.05^Fa	25.84±0.01^b	3.41±0.01^Ba	2.42±0.00^b	9.02±0.01^Ca	4.09±0.01^b	58.05±0.04^Da	67.65±0.02^b
	35—40	42.74±0.02^Ba	30.91±0.16^b	1.98±0.00^Fa	1.30±0.01^b	5.35±0.01^Ga	4.26±0.02^b	49.93±0.01^Ga	63.52±0.18^b
20—40	0—5	2.02±0.00^Ha	3.20±0.04^b	5.96±0.00^Ba	1.58±0.00^b	6.46±0.01^Ha	7.03±0.00^b	85.56±0.01^Aa	88.19±0.04^b
	5—10	9.75±0.01^Ga	10.91±0.13^b	3.10±0.02^Ea	1.52±0.02^b	8.89±0.01^Da	6.90±0.03^b	78.25±0.04^Ba	80.68±0.11^b
	10—15	10.57±0.08^Fa	1.72±0.02^b	2.43±0.01^Ga	1.72±0.01^b	11.96±0.01^Ba	4.89±0.02^b	75.04±0.09^Ca	91.67±0.04^b
	15—20	28.42±0.02^Ba	7.58±0.05^b	13.19±0.02^Aa	3.00±0.01^b	13.16±0.02^Aa	5.81±0.01^b	45.23±0.03^Ha	83.61±0.05^b
	20—25	25.25±0.01^Ca	9.09±0.10^b	3.65±0.00^Ca	2.33±0.00^b	11.05±0.02^Ca	5.09±0.01^b	60.05±0.01^Fa	83.49±0.11^b
	25—30	19.14±0.00^Da	5.70±0.04^b	3.10±0.00^Ea	2.73±0.02^b	6.49±0.00^Ga	6.87±0.03^b	71.27±0.00^Da	84.70±0.05^b
	30—35	19.05±0.01^Ea	15.70±0.14^b	3.38±0.01^Da	2.64±0.01^b	7.61±0.02^Fa	4.91±0.02^b	69.96±0.03^Ea	76.75±0.14^b
	35—40	38.34±0.01^Aa	18.73±0.10^b	2.78±0.00^Fa	1.98±0.01^b	7.88±0.00^Ea	5.10±0.02^b	51.00±0.01^Ga	74.19±0.11^b

土层深度 /cm	开垦年限 /a	团聚体含量/%
		>1 mm		1—0.5 mm		0.5—0.25 mm		小于0.25 mm
		开垦	对照	开垦	对照	开垦	对照	开垦	对照
0—10	0—5	22.23±0.02^Ha	23.26±0.19^b	3.92±0.02^Ca	1.22±0.01^b	11.03±0.02^Aa	3.76±0.01^b	62.83±0.04^Aa	71.77±0.19^b
	5—10	29.58±0.00^Fa	27.19±0.09^b	1.53±0.00^Ga	1.38±0.01^b	8.05±0.02^Ca	3.80±0.02^b	60.84±0.02^Ba	67.63±0.08^b
	10—15	28.21±0.16^Ga	18.40±0.12^b	3.88±0.00^Da	2.03±0.01^b	8.04±0.02^Ca	6.58±0.04^b	59.88±0.16^Ca	73.00±0.12^b
	15—20	55.15±0.03^Aa	45.76±0.16^b	2.24±0.01^Fa	1.27±0.01^b	5.78±0.02^Da	2.65±0.01^b	36.83±0.01^Ha	50.32±0.16^b
	20—25	46.67±0.01^Ba	36.12±0.07^b	2.83±0.01^Ea	2.15±0.00^b	5.69±0.01^Ea	4.41±0.02^b	44.81±0.02^Fa	57.32±0.05^b
	25—30	30.59±0.03^Ea	22.53±0.17^b	4.06±0.01^Ba	2.59±0.01^b	8.95±0.00^Ba	5.98±0.03^b	56.41±0.04^Da	68.90±0.15^b
	30—35	39.72±0.15^Da	30.99±0.08^b	6.72±0.01^Aa	3.30±0.01^b	2.83±0.00^Fa	4.33±0.02^b	50.73±0.15^Ea	61.39±0.10^b
	35—40	47.95±0.01^Ca	33.40±0.19^b	3.91±0.01^Ca	2.31±0.01^b	5.70±0.01^Ea	4.31±0.02^b	42.44±0.02^Ga	59.98±0.18^b
10—20	0—5	32.35±0.02^Ca	11.06±0.11^b	2.13±0.01^Ea	1.19±0.00^b	7.34±0.01^Ea	7.62±0.04^b	58.18±0.02^Ca	80.13±0.15^b
	5—10	32.10±0.03^Da	22.81±0.10^b	1.76±0.01^Ga	1.08±0.01^b	9.08±0.02^Ba	4.19±0.04^b	57.06±0.04^Ea	71.92±0.09^b
	10—15	31.97±0.15^Ea	6.16±0.06^b	2.56±0.01^Da	1.74±0.01^b	8.78±0.00^Da	6.32±0.03^b	56.68±0.15^Fa	85.78±0.05^b
	15—20	59.69±0.04^Aa	23.71±0.11^b	1.26±0.00^Ha	1.68±0.00^b	4.62±0.00^Ha	5.03±0.02^b	34.43±0.03^Ha	69.58±0.10^b
	20—25	29.61±0.07^Fa	21.65±0.16^b	4.21±0.02^Aa	2.10±0.01^b	7.27±0.03^Fa	4.56±0.02^b	58.91±0.08^Ba	71.70±0.15^b
	25—30	22.48±0.09^Ga	14.39±0.18^b	2.95±0.00^Ca	2.14±0.01^b	9.70±0.03^Aa	7.67±0.05^b	64.88±0.09^Aa	75.80±0.15^b
	30—35	29.52±0.05^Fa	25.84±0.01^b	3.41±0.01^Ba	2.42±0.00^b	9.02±0.01^Ca	4.09±0.01^b	58.05±0.04^Da	67.65±0.02^b
	35—40	42.74±0.02^Ba	30.91±0.16^b	1.98±0.00^Fa	1.30±0.01^b	5.35±0.01^Ga	4.26±0.02^b	49.93±0.01^Ga	63.52±0.18^b
20—40	0—5	2.02±0.00^Ha	3.20±0.04^b	5.96±0.00^Ba	1.58±0.00^b	6.46±0.01^Ha	7.03±0.00^b	85.56±0.01^Aa	88.19±0.04^b
	5—10	9.75±0.01^Ga	10.91±0.13^b	3.10±0.02^Ea	1.52±0.02^b	8.89±0.01^Da	6.90±0.03^b	78.25±0.04^Ba	80.68±0.11^b
	10—15	10.57±0.08^Fa	1.72±0.02^b	2.43±0.01^Ga	1.72±0.01^b	11.96±0.01^Ba	4.89±0.02^b	75.04±0.09^Ca	91.67±0.04^b
	15—20	28.42±0.02^Ba	7.58±0.05^b	13.19±0.02^Aa	3.00±0.01^b	13.16±0.02^Aa	5.81±0.01^b	45.23±0.03^Ha	83.61±0.05^b
	20—25	25.25±0.01^Ca	9.09±0.10^b	3.65±0.00^Ca	2.33±0.00^b	11.05±0.02^Ca	5.09±0.01^b	60.05±0.01^Fa	83.49±0.11^b
	25—30	19.14±0.00^Da	5.70±0.04^b	3.10±0.00^Ea	2.73±0.02^b	6.49±0.00^Ga	6.87±0.03^b	71.27±0.00^Da	84.70±0.05^b
	30—35	19.05±0.01^Ea	15.70±0.14^b	3.38±0.01^Da	2.64±0.01^b	7.61±0.02^Fa	4.91±0.02^b	69.96±0.03^Ea	76.75±0.14^b
	35—40	38.34±0.01^Aa	18.73±0.10^b	2.78±0.00^Fa	1.98±0.01^b	7.88±0.00^Ea	5.10±0.02^b	51.00±0.01^Ga	74.19±0.11^b

	>1 mm	1—0.5 mm	0.5—0.25 mm	<0.25 mm	W_0.25	MWD	GMD	D	K
>1 mm	1
1—0.5 mm	-0.204	1
0.5—0.25 mm	-0.530^**	0.298	1
<0.25 mm	-0.961^**	-0.024	0.335	1
W_0.25	0.961^**	0.024	-0.335	-1.000^**	1
MWD	0.999^**	-0.164	-0.511^*	-0.972^**	0.972^**	1
GMD	0.857^**	-0.090	-0.493^*	-0.963^**	0.963^**	0.968^**	1
D	-0.987^**	0.108	0.508^*	0.969^**	-0.969^**	-0.990^**	-0.967^**	1
K	-0.982^**	-0.253	0.267	0.979^**	-0.979^**	-0.987^**	-0.958^**	0.977^**	1

	>1 mm	1—0.5 mm	0.5—0.25 mm	<0.25 mm	W_0.25	MWD	GMD	D	K
>1 mm	1
1—0.5 mm	-0.204	1
0.5—0.25 mm	-0.530^**	0.298	1
<0.25 mm	-0.961^**	-0.024	0.335	1
W_0.25	0.961^**	0.024	-0.335	-1.000^**	1
MWD	0.999^**	-0.164	-0.511^*	-0.972^**	0.972^**	1
GMD	0.857^**	-0.090	-0.493^*	-0.963^**	0.963^**	0.968^**	1
D	-0.987^**	0.108	0.508^*	0.969^**	-0.969^**	-0.990^**	-0.967^**	1
K	-0.982^**	-0.253	0.267	0.979^**	-0.979^**	-0.987^**	-0.958^**	0.977^**	1

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Effects of tillage on distribution and stability of soil aggregates in Horqin Sandy Land

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