Journal of Desert Research ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 157-168.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00098
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Qinni Huang1(), Zhibao Dong1(
), Nan Xiao2, Miaoyan Feng3, Huanyu Shi1, Guoxiang Chen1, Ziyi Bai1, Xin Zhang1, Chong Gao1, Xiaozhi Wang1
Received:
2021-07-05
Revised:
2021-08-05
Online:
2021-11-20
Published:
2021-12-17
Contact:
Zhibao Dong
CLC Number:
Qinni Huang, Zhibao Dong, Nan Xiao, Miaoyan Feng, Huanyu Shi, Guoxiang Chen, Ziyi Bai, Xin Zhang, Chong Gao, Xiaozhi Wang. Sediments and morphology of coastal Spinifex littoreus nebkhas on Jingxinjiao beach of Hainan Island, China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2021, 41(6): 157-168.
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URL: http://www.desert.ac.cn/EN/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00098
部位 | 粒度组成/% | 粒度参数 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
粉沙 | 极细沙 | 细沙 | 中沙 | 粗沙 | 极粗沙 | M z/Ф | σ/Ф | SK | K g | ||
迎风坡 | 0 | 0 | 14.15 | 57.75 | 25.01 | 3.09 | 1.64 | 0.59 | -0.02 | 0.95 | |
沙丘顶 | 0 | 0 | 13.15 | 60.52 | 24.98 | 1.35 | 1.65 | 0.56 | -0.02 | 0.95 | |
背风坡 | 0 | 0 | 14.65 | 62.59 | 22.34 | 0.42 | 1.70 | 0.54 | -0.02 | 0.95 | |
丘间地 | 0 | 0 | 11.95 | 56.94 | 28.57 | 2.54 | 1.59 | 0.59 | -0.03 | 0.95 | |
滩面 | 0 | 0.03 | 21.41 | 57.17 | 18.91 | 2.49 | 1.78 | 0.59 | -0.03 | 0.96 | |
滩肩 | 0 | 0 | 10.30 | 52.90 | 34.26 | 2.53 | 1.53 | 0.61 | -0.01 | 0.95 | |
海岸前丘 | 0 | 0 | 13.68 | 69.01 | 17.29 | 0.02 | 1.72 | 0.48 | -0.02 | 0.96 |
Table 1 Particle size composition and grain size parameters of different sediments
部位 | 粒度组成/% | 粒度参数 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
粉沙 | 极细沙 | 细沙 | 中沙 | 粗沙 | 极粗沙 | M z/Ф | σ/Ф | SK | K g | ||
迎风坡 | 0 | 0 | 14.15 | 57.75 | 25.01 | 3.09 | 1.64 | 0.59 | -0.02 | 0.95 | |
沙丘顶 | 0 | 0 | 13.15 | 60.52 | 24.98 | 1.35 | 1.65 | 0.56 | -0.02 | 0.95 | |
背风坡 | 0 | 0 | 14.65 | 62.59 | 22.34 | 0.42 | 1.70 | 0.54 | -0.02 | 0.95 | |
丘间地 | 0 | 0 | 11.95 | 56.94 | 28.57 | 2.54 | 1.59 | 0.59 | -0.03 | 0.95 | |
滩面 | 0 | 0.03 | 21.41 | 57.17 | 18.91 | 2.49 | 1.78 | 0.59 | -0.03 | 0.96 | |
滩肩 | 0 | 0 | 10.30 | 52.90 | 34.26 | 2.53 | 1.53 | 0.61 | -0.01 | 0.95 | |
海岸前丘 | 0 | 0 | 13.68 | 69.01 | 17.29 | 0.02 | 1.72 | 0.48 | -0.02 | 0.96 |
元素 | 灌丛沙堆 | 海滩 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
最大值 | 最小值 | 均值±标准差 | 变异系数 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 均值±标准差 | 变异系数 | ||
Na2O | 0.64 | 0.31 | 0.42±0.02 | 0.04 | 0.88 | 0.36 | 0.54±0.15 | 0.27 | |
MgO | 0.71 | 0.19 | 0.34±0.02 | 0.05 | 0.57 | 0.19 | 0.38±0.03 | 0.09 | |
Al2O3 | 2.51 | 1.92 | 2.06±0.03 | 0.01 | 2.31 | 1.89 | 2.06±0.02 | 0.01 | |
SiO2 | 64.17 | 38.95 | 54.84±1.20 | 0.02 | 66.71 | 46.29 | 53.50±1.37 | 0.03 | |
K2O | 0.63 | 0.20 | 0.28±0.02 | 0.08 | 0.48 | 0.14 | 0.28±0.01 | 0.05 | |
CaO | 27.90 | 11.10 | 15.74±0.60 | 0.04 | 20.18 | 9.52 | 16.24±0.96 | 0.06 | |
Fe2O3 | 0.49 | 0.33 | 0.41±0.00 | 0.01 | 0.55 | 0.36 | 0.44±0.01 | 0.01 | |
P2O5 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.15 | |
TiO2 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.02 | |
MnO | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.18 |
Table 2 The contents of major elements in different sediments
元素 | 灌丛沙堆 | 海滩 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
最大值 | 最小值 | 均值±标准差 | 变异系数 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 均值±标准差 | 变异系数 | ||
Na2O | 0.64 | 0.31 | 0.42±0.02 | 0.04 | 0.88 | 0.36 | 0.54±0.15 | 0.27 | |
MgO | 0.71 | 0.19 | 0.34±0.02 | 0.05 | 0.57 | 0.19 | 0.38±0.03 | 0.09 | |
Al2O3 | 2.51 | 1.92 | 2.06±0.03 | 0.01 | 2.31 | 1.89 | 2.06±0.02 | 0.01 | |
SiO2 | 64.17 | 38.95 | 54.84±1.20 | 0.02 | 66.71 | 46.29 | 53.50±1.37 | 0.03 | |
K2O | 0.63 | 0.20 | 0.28±0.02 | 0.08 | 0.48 | 0.14 | 0.28±0.01 | 0.05 | |
CaO | 27.90 | 11.10 | 15.74±0.60 | 0.04 | 20.18 | 9.52 | 16.24±0.96 | 0.06 | |
Fe2O3 | 0.49 | 0.33 | 0.41±0.00 | 0.01 | 0.55 | 0.36 | 0.44±0.01 | 0.01 | |
P2O5 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.15 | |
TiO2 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.02 | |
MnO | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.18 |
元素 | 灌丛沙堆 | 海滩 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
最大值 | 最小值 | 均值±标准差 | 变异系数 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 均值±标准差 | 变异系数 | ||
V | 9.40 | 2.30 | 6.63±1.40 | 0.21 | 10.20 | 4.20 | 6.79±1.65 | 0.24 | |
Cr | 156.00 | 10.00 | 74.96±57.24 | 0.76 | 235.90 | 15.00 | 99.22±71.09 | 0.72 | |
Co | 101.00 | 0.00 | 34.71±34.66 | 1.00 | 86.80 | 0.00 | 32.39±35.05 | 1.08 | |
Ni | 6.50 | 0.60 | 2.79±1.43 | 0.51 | 6.90 | 0.90 | 3.06±1.49 | 0.49 | |
Zn | 6.10 | 0.90 | 3.56±1.42 | 0.40 | 5.60 | 2.10 | 3.78±1.21 | 0.32 | |
Ga | 3.80 | 1.60 | 2.63±0.51 | 0.20 | 3.30 | 2.00 | 2.63±0.38 | 0.14 | |
Br | 2.20 | 0.90 | 1.33±0.27 | 0.20 | 8.10 | 1.20 | 3.37±2.71 | 0.80 | |
Rb | 23.30 | 18.60 | 18.71±0.70 | 0.04 | 18.60 | 18.60 | 18.6±0.00 | 0.00 | |
Sr | 2 094.50 | 1 029.00 | 1 371.05±224.68 | 0.16 | 1 753.30 | 877.60 | 1 394.06±217.18 | 0.16 | |
Y | 5.70 | 4.20 | 4.73±0.33 | 0.07 | 5.10 | 4.10 | 4.69±0.25 | 0.05 | |
Zr | 54.60 | 39.60 | 44.91±3.48 | 0.08 | 53.10 | 38.20 | 45.33±3.22 | 0.07 | |
Nb | 0.60 | 0.00 | 0.05±0.13 | 2.61 | 1.70 | 0.00 | 0.13±0.43 | 3.19 | |
Mo | 2.30 | 0.00 | 0.28±0.56 | 2.03 | 5.10 | 0.00 | 0.58±1.29 | 2.22 | |
Ba | 70.90 | 23.50 | 35.93±9.78 | 0.27 | 50.20 | 18.40 | 34.89±9.85 | 0.28 | |
La | 10.30 | 0.00 | 2.99±2.53 | 0.85 | 6.60 | 0.00 | 2.21±2.42 | 1.09 | |
Hf | 6.40 | 3.20 | 4.13±0.69 | 0.17 | 5.40 | 2.60 | 4.13±0.64 | 0.16 | |
W | 569.90 | 0.00 | 210.27±206.89 | 0.98 | 474.90 | 0.00 | 181.04±195.54 | 1.08 | |
Pb | 9.50 | 5.20 | 6.56±0.93 | 0.14 | 7.60 | 4.70 | 6.13±0.93 | 0.15 | |
Ce | 18.40 | 0.00 | 6.01±5.21 | 0.87 | 12.50 | 0.00 | 4.03±3.87 | 0.96 | |
Nd | 13.20 | 0.00 | 5.03±3.56 | 0.71 | 12.10 | 0.00 | 5.53±3.84 | 0.69 | |
Th | 10.40 | 0.90 | 4.58±1.83 | 0.40 | 6.20 | 3.00 | 4.78±0.87 | 0.18 | |
U | 3.40 | 0.00 | 1.41±0.70 | 0.50 | 2.60 | 0.50 | 1.30±0.56 | 0.43 |
Table 3 The contents of trace elements in different sediments
元素 | 灌丛沙堆 | 海滩 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
最大值 | 最小值 | 均值±标准差 | 变异系数 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 均值±标准差 | 变异系数 | ||
V | 9.40 | 2.30 | 6.63±1.40 | 0.21 | 10.20 | 4.20 | 6.79±1.65 | 0.24 | |
Cr | 156.00 | 10.00 | 74.96±57.24 | 0.76 | 235.90 | 15.00 | 99.22±71.09 | 0.72 | |
Co | 101.00 | 0.00 | 34.71±34.66 | 1.00 | 86.80 | 0.00 | 32.39±35.05 | 1.08 | |
Ni | 6.50 | 0.60 | 2.79±1.43 | 0.51 | 6.90 | 0.90 | 3.06±1.49 | 0.49 | |
Zn | 6.10 | 0.90 | 3.56±1.42 | 0.40 | 5.60 | 2.10 | 3.78±1.21 | 0.32 | |
Ga | 3.80 | 1.60 | 2.63±0.51 | 0.20 | 3.30 | 2.00 | 2.63±0.38 | 0.14 | |
Br | 2.20 | 0.90 | 1.33±0.27 | 0.20 | 8.10 | 1.20 | 3.37±2.71 | 0.80 | |
Rb | 23.30 | 18.60 | 18.71±0.70 | 0.04 | 18.60 | 18.60 | 18.6±0.00 | 0.00 | |
Sr | 2 094.50 | 1 029.00 | 1 371.05±224.68 | 0.16 | 1 753.30 | 877.60 | 1 394.06±217.18 | 0.16 | |
Y | 5.70 | 4.20 | 4.73±0.33 | 0.07 | 5.10 | 4.10 | 4.69±0.25 | 0.05 | |
Zr | 54.60 | 39.60 | 44.91±3.48 | 0.08 | 53.10 | 38.20 | 45.33±3.22 | 0.07 | |
Nb | 0.60 | 0.00 | 0.05±0.13 | 2.61 | 1.70 | 0.00 | 0.13±0.43 | 3.19 | |
Mo | 2.30 | 0.00 | 0.28±0.56 | 2.03 | 5.10 | 0.00 | 0.58±1.29 | 2.22 | |
Ba | 70.90 | 23.50 | 35.93±9.78 | 0.27 | 50.20 | 18.40 | 34.89±9.85 | 0.28 | |
La | 10.30 | 0.00 | 2.99±2.53 | 0.85 | 6.60 | 0.00 | 2.21±2.42 | 1.09 | |
Hf | 6.40 | 3.20 | 4.13±0.69 | 0.17 | 5.40 | 2.60 | 4.13±0.64 | 0.16 | |
W | 569.90 | 0.00 | 210.27±206.89 | 0.98 | 474.90 | 0.00 | 181.04±195.54 | 1.08 | |
Pb | 9.50 | 5.20 | 6.56±0.93 | 0.14 | 7.60 | 4.70 | 6.13±0.93 | 0.15 | |
Ce | 18.40 | 0.00 | 6.01±5.21 | 0.87 | 12.50 | 0.00 | 4.03±3.87 | 0.96 | |
Nd | 13.20 | 0.00 | 5.03±3.56 | 0.71 | 12.10 | 0.00 | 5.53±3.84 | 0.69 | |
Th | 10.40 | 0.90 | 4.58±1.83 | 0.40 | 6.20 | 3.00 | 4.78±0.87 | 0.18 | |
U | 3.40 | 0.00 | 1.41±0.70 | 0.50 | 2.60 | 0.50 | 1.30±0.56 | 0.43 |
参数 | L d /m | W d /m | H d /m | HC/m | A c /m2 | A d /m2 | V/m3 | L s /m | L l /m | D/(°) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
最大值 | 9.30 | 7.20 | 0.82 | 8.25 | 5.67 | 26.73 | 7.34 | 3.50 | 5.30 | 264 |
最小值 | 1.21 | 0.44 | 0.13 | 0.97 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 0.04 | 0.45 | 0.70 | 209 |
平均值 | 3.91 | 2.52 | 0.43 | 3.22 | 1.67 | 5.27 | 1.13 | 1.62 | 2.29 | 229 |
标准差 | 2.10 | 2.07 | 0.19 | 2.02 | 1.89 | 7.48 | 2.64 | 0.96 | 1.13 | 12.4 |
Table 4 Statistics of morphological parameters of Spinifex littoreus nebkhas
参数 | L d /m | W d /m | H d /m | HC/m | A c /m2 | A d /m2 | V/m3 | L s /m | L l /m | D/(°) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
最大值 | 9.30 | 7.20 | 0.82 | 8.25 | 5.67 | 26.73 | 7.34 | 3.50 | 5.30 | 264 |
最小值 | 1.21 | 0.44 | 0.13 | 0.97 | 0.16 | 0.37 | 0.04 | 0.45 | 0.70 | 209 |
平均值 | 3.91 | 2.52 | 0.43 | 3.22 | 1.67 | 5.27 | 1.13 | 1.62 | 2.29 | 229 |
标准差 | 2.10 | 2.07 | 0.19 | 2.02 | 1.89 | 7.48 | 2.64 | 0.96 | 1.13 | 12.4 |
参数 | L z/m | W z/m | H z/m | C/m2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
最大值 | 9.80 | 9.20 | 0.72 | 70.88 |
最小值 | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.23 | 0.14 |
平均值 | 2.77 | 2.35 | 0.49 | 7.63 |
标准差 | 1.86 | 1.37 | 0.12 | 6.21 |
Table 5 Statistics of morphological parameters of Spinifex littoreus
参数 | L z/m | W z/m | H z/m | C/m2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
最大值 | 9.80 | 9.20 | 0.72 | 70.88 |
最小值 | 0.43 | 0.40 | 0.23 | 0.14 |
平均值 | 2.77 | 2.35 | 0.49 | 7.63 |
标准差 | 1.86 | 1.37 | 0.12 | 6.21 |
L d/m | W d/m | H d/m | HC/m | A c/m2 | A d/m2 | V/m3 | L s/m | L l/m | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L d/m | 1 | ||||||||
W d/m | 0.931** | 1 | |||||||
H d/m | 0.590** | 0.498** | 1 | ||||||
HC/m | 0.986** | 0.979** | 0.558** | 1 | |||||
A c/m2 | 0.933** | 0.961** | 0.685** | 0.962** | 1 | ||||
A d/m2 | 0.941** | 0.957** | 0.502** | 0.965** | 0.930** | 1 | |||
V/m3 | 0.771** | 0.759** | 0.808** | 0.779** | 0.883** | 0.775** | 1 | ||
L s/m | 0.906** | 0.831** | 0.640** | 0.888** | 0.877** | 0.799** | 0.741** | 1 | |
L l/m | 0.957** | 0.895** | 0.616** | 0.945** | 0.903** | 0.920** | 0.790** | 0.813** | 1 |
Table 6 Correlation analysis of the morphological parameters of Spinifex littoreus nebkhas
L d/m | W d/m | H d/m | HC/m | A c/m2 | A d/m2 | V/m3 | L s/m | L l/m | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L d/m | 1 | ||||||||
W d/m | 0.931** | 1 | |||||||
H d/m | 0.590** | 0.498** | 1 | ||||||
HC/m | 0.986** | 0.979** | 0.558** | 1 | |||||
A c/m2 | 0.933** | 0.961** | 0.685** | 0.962** | 1 | ||||
A d/m2 | 0.941** | 0.957** | 0.502** | 0.965** | 0.930** | 1 | |||
V/m3 | 0.771** | 0.759** | 0.808** | 0.779** | 0.883** | 0.775** | 1 | ||
L s/m | 0.906** | 0.831** | 0.640** | 0.888** | 0.877** | 0.799** | 0.741** | 1 | |
L l/m | 0.957** | 0.895** | 0.616** | 0.945** | 0.903** | 0.920** | 0.790** | 0.813** | 1 |
L d/m | W d/m | H d/m | HC/m | A c/m2 | A d/m2 | V/m3 | L s/m | L l/m | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L z/m | 0.847** | 0.8** | 0.379* | 0.84** | 0.743** | 0.835** | 0.469** | 0.748** | 0.789 |
W z/m | 0.923** | 0.899** | 0.497** | 0.928** | 0.857** | 0.92** | 0.638** | 0.805** | 0.897** |
H z/m | 0.473** | 0.343** | 0.543** | 0.422* | 0.446* | 0.288** | 0.295 | 0.594** | 0.359 |
C/m2 | 0.776** | 0.77** | 0.237 | 0.787** | 0.67** | 0.86** | 0.402* | 0.596** | 0.578** |
Table 7 Correlation analysis of the morphological parameters between Spinifex littoreus nebkhas
L d/m | W d/m | H d/m | HC/m | A c/m2 | A d/m2 | V/m3 | L s/m | L l/m | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L z/m | 0.847** | 0.8** | 0.379* | 0.84** | 0.743** | 0.835** | 0.469** | 0.748** | 0.789 |
W z/m | 0.923** | 0.899** | 0.497** | 0.928** | 0.857** | 0.92** | 0.638** | 0.805** | 0.897** |
H z/m | 0.473** | 0.343** | 0.543** | 0.422* | 0.446* | 0.288** | 0.295 | 0.594** | 0.359 |
C/m2 | 0.776** | 0.77** | 0.237 | 0.787** | 0.67** | 0.86** | 0.402* | 0.596** | 0.578** |
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