Effect of soil carbon， nitrgen and phosphate contents on maize production in semi-arid regions of China

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00143

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 261-273.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00143

Effect of soil carbon， nitrgen and phosphate contents on maize production in semi-arid regions of China

Yanbin Hu¹^,²(), Qiang Zhang¹^,³^,⁴(), Guoju Xiao², Zhengji Qiu⁵, Yongping Li⁶, Zhanqiang Guo²

^1.MOE Key Laboratory of Semi-arid Climate Change / College of Atmospheric Scinces，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.School of Ecology and Environment，Ningxia University，Yinchuan 750021，China
^3.Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province / CMA Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction，Institute of Arid Meteorology，Chinese Meteorological Administration，Lanzhou 730020，China
^4.Gansu Meterorological Bureau，Lanzhou 730020，China
^5.Longde County Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center，Longde 756302，Ningxia，China
^6.Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences，Guyuan 756000，Ningxia，China

Received:2021-06-08 Revised:2021-12-13 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-06-01
Contact: Qiang Zhang

Abstract

Abstract:

China's arid and semi-arid regions cover a large area of land， mainly located in the Inner Mongolia Plateau， Loess Plateau， Xinjiang and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Semi-arid region is located on the edge of monsoon and non-monsoon， with rare precipitation and fragile ecological environment， which is one of the most sensitive regions to climate change. It is of strategic significance to explore the influence mechanism and storage potential of organic carbon in farmland ecosystem on crop production and carbon storage in semi-arid region for improving crop production level and ecological security. Based on the response of maize production to soil organic carbon， nitrogen and phosphorus in the typical semi-arid region of southern Ningxia， China during 2017-2019， this study studied the effects of SOC， STN， STP and C/N on maize production and organic carbon storage by using the method of farmland ecosystem survey and sampling. The reasonable storage range of SOC in farmland soil was analyzed. The results showed as follows：（1） Different SOC， STN and STP had significant effects on maize yield. SOC， STN， STP and soil C/N showed positive effects on maize yield within a certain threshold， but when SOC， STN， STP and C/N exceeded the thresholds of 10.00 g·kg^-1， 1.00 g·kg^-1， 0.85 g·kg^-1 and 8.50， the increase of maize yield slowed down. It's even going down. （2） The SOC content in the study area increased from 3.00 g·kg^-1 to 13.00 g·kg^-1， and the quality contents of organic carbon， protein， starch， crude fat and soluble sugar increased by 43.47%， 77.13%， 52.16%， 56.92% and 116.71%， respectively. All of them showed a rapid growth at first and then a gradual flattening trend. However， SOC showed an inverted U-shaped trend for total nitrogen and total phosphorus in grains. The effect of STN and STP on maize quality was relatively weak. （3） The SOC， STN and STP in the surface layer in the study area were strongly positively correlated with the carbon sequestration potential of the ecosystem， while the SOC， STN and STP contents were too high， and the carbon sequestration potential of the crops basically remained stable. The research results better reflect the relationship between SOC， STN， STP and crop production level and the improvement of SOC storage in the research period. In this study， the reasonable thresholds of farmland SOC， STN， STP and C/N in the semi-arid region of southern Ningxia are 10.00-12.00 g·kg^-1， 0.80-1.10 g·kg^-1， 0.70-0.85 g·kg^-1 and 8.00-9.00， respectively. This conclusion has important reference value for further understanding and guiding the sustainable development of agriculture and the enhancement of ecosystem carbon sequestration potential， realizing carbon neutrality and carbon peak in semi-arid regions of China.

Key words: semi-arid regions, soil organic carbon, yield, quality, carbon sequestration potential

CLC Number:

Q148

Yanbin Hu, Qiang Zhang, Guoju Xiao, Zhengji Qiu, Yongping Li, Zhanqiang Guo. Effect of soil carbon， nitrgen and phosphate contents on maize production in semi-arid regions of China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2022, 42(3): 261-273.

Figures/Tables 11

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耕层SOC /(g·kg^-1)	2017年		2018年		2019年		2017—2019年
耕层SOC /(g·kg^-1)	样品数 /个	SOC /(g·kg^-1)	样品数 /个	SOC /(g·kg^-1)	样品数 /个	SOC /(g·kg^-1)	样品数 /个	占总样品比例/%	SOC /(g·kg^-1)
合计	37	7.24±0.18	33	10.02±0.08	35	7.50±0.31	105	100	8.20±0.19
3.00—4.00	2	3.82±0.14	—	—	1	3.44	3	2.86	3.70±0.15
4.00—5.00	—	—	2	4.33±0.31	1	4.96	3	2.86	4.96±0.21
5.00—6.00	1	5.85	—	—	3	5.43±0.26	4	3.81	5.53±0.21
6.00—7.00	7	6.69±0.12	—	—	6	6.33±0.06	13	12.38	6.52±0.09
7.00—8.00	21	7.46±0.07	—	—	13	7.49±0.09	34	32.38	7.47±0.05
8.00—9.00	5	8.35±0.07	—	—	9	8.56±0.09	14	13.33	8.48±0.07
9.00—10.00	1	9.32	6	9.73±0.06	—	—	7	6.67	9.67±0.08
10.00—11.00	—	—	21	10.37±0.077	—	—	21	20.00	10.37±0.07
11.00—12.00	—	—	3	11.30±0.09	—	—	3	2.86	11.30±0.09
12.00—13.00	—	—	1	12.01	2	12.80±0.17	3	2.86	12.54±0.28

耕层SOC /(g·kg^-1)	2017年		2018年		2019年		2017—2019年
耕层SOC /(g·kg^-1)	样品数 /个	SOC /(g·kg^-1)	样品数 /个	SOC /(g·kg^-1)	样品数 /个	SOC /(g·kg^-1)	样品数 /个	占总样品比例/%	SOC /(g·kg^-1)
合计	37	7.24±0.18	33	10.02±0.08	35	7.50±0.31	105	100	8.20±0.19
3.00—4.00	2	3.82±0.14	—	—	1	3.44	3	2.86	3.70±0.15
4.00—5.00	—	—	2	4.33±0.31	1	4.96	3	2.86	4.96±0.21
5.00—6.00	1	5.85	—	—	3	5.43±0.26	4	3.81	5.53±0.21
6.00—7.00	7	6.69±0.12	—	—	6	6.33±0.06	13	12.38	6.52±0.09
7.00—8.00	21	7.46±0.07	—	—	13	7.49±0.09	34	32.38	7.47±0.05
8.00—9.00	5	8.35±0.07	—	—	9	8.56±0.09	14	13.33	8.48±0.07
9.00—10.00	1	9.32	6	9.73±0.06	—	—	7	6.67	9.67±0.08
10.00—11.00	—	—	21	10.37±0.077	—	—	21	20.00	10.37±0.07
11.00—12.00	—	—	3	11.30±0.09	—	—	3	2.86	11.30±0.09
12.00—13.00	—	—	1	12.01	2	12.80±0.17	3	2.86	12.54±0.28

土壤有机碳 /(g·kg^-1)	籽粒有机碳 /(g·kg^-1)	全氮 /(g·kg^-1)	全磷 /(g·kg^-1)	蛋白质 /(g·kg^-1)	淀粉 /(g·kg^-1)	脂肪 /(g·kg^-1)	可溶性糖 /(mg·kg^-1)
3.00—4.00	388.71±2.67^e	12.15±2.67^d	1.90±0.24^c	70.49±11.00^d	491.61±89.79^e	25.28±2.88^e	114.30±7.30^e
4.00—5.00	401.51±3.28^e	12.83±2.31^d	2.84±1.07^b	70.95±1.12^d	557.99±47.53^d	25.64±2.88^e	116.90±4.90^e
5.00—6.00	429.49±16.23^d	15.14±1.91^c	3.36±1.04^b	72.05±4.08^d	651.16±45.44^cd	26.78±1.81^e	155.20±28.40^d
6.00—7.00	442.47±13.87^d	17.40±2.30^b	4.09±0.72^a	105.11±13.29^c	668.42±25.42^c	27.72±1.46^e	167.60±17.30^cd
7.00—8.00	466.62±8.70^d	19.95±1.76^a	3.67±0.39^b	113.20±11.34^bc	674.43±15.62^c	27.76±0.86^e	175.40±14.90^c
8.00—9.00	467.86±11.96^d	20.80±2.40^a	2.99±0.46^b	114.35±17.08^b	675.89±33.15^c	30.24±1.68^de	181.20±15.40^bc
9.00—10.00	499.74±29.51^c	18.12±1.54^a	2.88±0.45^b	114.43±9.18^b	686.55±11.10^c	33.80±2.39^cd	191.00±17.00^b
10.00—11.00	509.32±20.06^bc	17.33±1.25^b	2.87±0.35^b	115.28±9.30^b	707.46±5.85^b	36.99±0.60^bc	191.10±13.70^b
11.00—12.00	517.05±1.09^b	17.02±0.25^b	2.70±0.38^b	123.94±20.71^a	709.51±27.38^b	38.33±0.67^ab	241.10±37.80^a
12.00—13.00	557.67±77.82^a	16.71±1.10^c	2.61±0.49^b	124.86±20.18^a	748.05±19.98^a	39.67±1.67^a	247.70±39.90^a
平均	473.09±6.80	18. 35±0.78	3.42±0.19	103.28±4.92	666.39±8.41	30.88±0.62	163.10±7.90

土壤有机碳 /(g·kg^-1)	籽粒有机碳 /(g·kg^-1)	全氮 /(g·kg^-1)	全磷 /(g·kg^-1)	蛋白质 /(g·kg^-1)	淀粉 /(g·kg^-1)	脂肪 /(g·kg^-1)	可溶性糖 /(mg·kg^-1)
3.00—4.00	388.71±2.67^e	12.15±2.67^d	1.90±0.24^c	70.49±11.00^d	491.61±89.79^e	25.28±2.88^e	114.30±7.30^e
4.00—5.00	401.51±3.28^e	12.83±2.31^d	2.84±1.07^b	70.95±1.12^d	557.99±47.53^d	25.64±2.88^e	116.90±4.90^e
5.00—6.00	429.49±16.23^d	15.14±1.91^c	3.36±1.04^b	72.05±4.08^d	651.16±45.44^cd	26.78±1.81^e	155.20±28.40^d
6.00—7.00	442.47±13.87^d	17.40±2.30^b	4.09±0.72^a	105.11±13.29^c	668.42±25.42^c	27.72±1.46^e	167.60±17.30^cd
7.00—8.00	466.62±8.70^d	19.95±1.76^a	3.67±0.39^b	113.20±11.34^bc	674.43±15.62^c	27.76±0.86^e	175.40±14.90^c
8.00—9.00	467.86±11.96^d	20.80±2.40^a	2.99±0.46^b	114.35±17.08^b	675.89±33.15^c	30.24±1.68^de	181.20±15.40^bc
9.00—10.00	499.74±29.51^c	18.12±1.54^a	2.88±0.45^b	114.43±9.18^b	686.55±11.10^c	33.80±2.39^cd	191.00±17.00^b
10.00—11.00	509.32±20.06^bc	17.33±1.25^b	2.87±0.35^b	115.28±9.30^b	707.46±5.85^b	36.99±0.60^bc	191.10±13.70^b
11.00—12.00	517.05±1.09^b	17.02±0.25^b	2.70±0.38^b	123.94±20.71^a	709.51±27.38^b	38.33±0.67^ab	241.10±37.80^a
12.00—13.00	557.67±77.82^a	16.71±1.10^c	2.61±0.49^b	124.86±20.18^a	748.05±19.98^a	39.67±1.67^a	247.70±39.90^a
平均	473.09±6.80	18. 35±0.78	3.42±0.19	103.28±4.92	666.39±8.41	30.88±0.62	163.10±7.90

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Effect of soil carbon， nitrgen and phosphate contents on maize production in semi-arid regions of China

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