Sediment characteristics of climbing dunes in Lhasa River Valley， China

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00174

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 22-31.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00174

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Sediment characteristics of climbing dunes in Lhasa River Valley， China

Xiaozhi Wang(), Zhibao Dong(), Weige Nan, Chao Li, Chong Gao, Xin Zhang

School of Geography and Tourism，Shaanxi Normal University，Xi'an 710119，China

Received:2021-09-30 Revised:2021-11-17 Online:2022-07-20 Published:2022-08-29
Contact: Zhibao Dong

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to promote the research on climbing dunes in Lhasa River Basin， this paper takes the climbing dune in Lhasa River Valley in the south of Qinghai Tibet Plateau as the research object， and analyzes the characteristics of grain size and geochemical elements of dune sediments on the surface and at the depth of 0-60 cm. The results show that：（1） Fine sand is the dominant particle size of surface sediments of climbing dune in Lhasa River Valley， followed by medium sand and very fine sand， with less silt content and very few coarse sand and clay. All samples do not contain very coarse sand， with an average particle size of 2.51 Φ （fine sand）， medium sorting， positive skewness and narrow kurtosis. With the increase of altitude， the particle size of surface sediment gradually becomes smaller， and with the deepening of depth， the particle size of sediment gradually becomes thicker， with the maximum change in the range of 0-10 cm. （2） The SiO₂ content of major elements is the highest， the variation coefficient of CaO is the largest， the Ba content of trace elements is the highest， and the variation coefficient of Co is the largest. Except SiO₂ and K₂O， the content of major elements decreases gradually from surface to deep layer， and the content change of trace elements from surface to deep layer can be divided into stable type， decreasing type， increasing type. The content of both major and trace elements changes most strongly at 0-10 cm. Compared with the average chemical composition of the upper continental crust， except that Na₂O， MnO， Cr， Co and Mo are partially enriched， and the SiO₂ content is equivalent to that of the upper continental crust， the rest are in a loss state. In terms of weathering degree， the chemical weathering degree of climbing dunes in Lhasa River Valley is higher than that of other deserts. They have experienced moderate chemical weathering. They are the products of the first cyclic deposition in arid and cold environment. Their composition characteristics are mostly similar to the upper continental crust and are in the early stage of continental weathering.

Key words: Lhasa River Valley, climbing dunes, sediment, grain size, geochemical elements

CLC Number:

P931.3

Xiaozhi Wang, Zhibao Dong, Weige Nan, Chao Li, Chong Gao, Xin Zhang. Sediment characteristics of climbing dunes in Lhasa River Valley， China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2022, 42(4): 22-31.

Figures/Tables 12

References 55

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采样点	粒度分级/%
采样点	黏土 <0.002 mm	粉沙 0.002—0.063 mm	极细沙 0.063—0.125 mm	细沙 0.125—0.25 mm	中沙 0.25—0.5 mm	粗沙 >0.5 mm
P1	0.00	1.45	4.72	56.89	36.59	0.34
P2	0.00	3.69	8.26	49.68	37.02	1.35
P3	0.05	8.00	14.04	44.55	31.91	1.44
P4	0.67	10.79	23.94	47.70	16.90	0.00
P5	0.18	21.27	24.74	29.31	20.78	3.72
P6	0.32	3.73	25.75	56.77	13.43	0.00
P7	0.04	13.99	36.64	39.47	9.86	0.00

采样点	粒度分级/%
采样点	黏土 <0.002 mm	粉沙 0.002—0.063 mm	极细沙 0.063—0.125 mm	细沙 0.125—0.25 mm	中沙 0.25—0.5 mm	粗沙 >0.5 mm
P1	0.00	1.45	4.72	56.89	36.59	0.34
P2	0.00	3.69	8.26	49.68	37.02	1.35
P3	0.05	8.00	14.04	44.55	31.91	1.44
P4	0.67	10.79	23.94	47.70	16.90	0.00
P5	0.18	21.27	24.74	29.31	20.78	3.72
P6	0.32	3.73	25.75	56.77	13.43	0.00
P7	0.04	13.99	36.64	39.47	9.86	0.00

采样点	粒度分级/%
采样点	黏土 <0.004 mm	粉沙 0.004—0.063 mm	极细沙 0.063—0.125 mm	细沙 0.125—0.25 mm	中沙 0.25—0.5 mm	粗沙 >0.5 mm
表层	0.18	8.99	19.73	46.34	23.78	0.98
4—10 cm	1.18	13.39	20.63	42.58	21.88	0.33
10—40 cm	0.75	12.89	21.09	43.76	21.26	0.28
40—60 cm	1.03	14.83	21.66	42.06	20.07	0.36

采样点	粒度分级/%
采样点	黏土 <0.004 mm	粉沙 0.004—0.063 mm	极细沙 0.063—0.125 mm	细沙 0.125—0.25 mm	中沙 0.25—0.5 mm	粗沙 >0.5 mm
表层	0.18	8.99	19.73	46.34	23.78	0.98
4—10 cm	1.18	13.39	20.63	42.58	21.88	0.33
10—40 cm	0.75	12.89	21.09	43.76	21.26	0.28
40—60 cm	1.03	14.83	21.66	42.06	20.07	0.36

元素	变化范围	平均值	标准差	变异系数	背景值^*
SiO₂	54.51—68.41	61.60	5.27	0.09	66.00
Al₂O₃	8.69—14.03	11.02	1.47	0.13	15.20
Na₂O	2.07—4.63	3.13	0.84	0.27	3.90
Fe₂O₃	1.82—3.84	2.86	0.63	0.22	5.00
K₂O	1.39—2.80	2.24	0.48	0.22	3.40
CaO	0.89—4.23	2.13	1.12	0.52	4.20
MgO	0.52—1.27	0.88	0.27	0.31	2.22
TiO₂	0.16—0.26	0.21	0.03	0.13	0.50
P₂O₅	0.07—0.13	0.10	0.02	0.17	0.55
MnO	0.03—0.07	0.05	0.01	0.30	0.06

Sediment characteristics of climbing dunes in Lhasa River Valley， China

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项目		SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Na₂O	Fe₂O₃	K₂O	CaO	MgO	TiO₂	P₂O₅	MnO
常量元素含量	表层	61.93	11.18	3.10	3.02	2.24	2.18	0.97	0.22	0.10	0.05
	4—10 cm	67.11	10.06	2.32	2.38	2.74	1.14	0.70	0.21	0.09	0.04
	10—40 cm	66.99	10.08	2.28	2.48	2.74	1.10	0.71	0.21	0.09	0.04
	40—60 cm	67.14	9.9	2.32	2.53	2.69	1.11	0.67	0.21	0.08	0.03
变异系数		0.04	0.06	0.16	0.11	0.09	0.38	0.18	0.02	0.09	0.20

元素	变化范围	平均值	标准差	变异系数	背景值^*
Ba	321.8—581.5	404.6	59.1	0.15	550.0
Sr	135.7—440.0	264.5	101.6	0.38	350.0
Cr	16.9—288.8	125.0	95.8	0.77	35.0
Zr	62.8—175.4	118.7	29.4	0.25	190.0
Rb	35.7—141.7	93.4	38.9	0.42	112.0
V	33.8—78.3	57.6	16.2	0.28	60.0
Co	1.9—489.9	83.3	120.4	1.44	10.0
Zn	12.2—44.0	32.9	7.5	0.23	71.0
La	10.5—31.8	21.1	5.4	0.26	30.0
Pb	12.1—25.1	19.5	3.9	0.20	15.0
Cu	8.2—46.9	17.5	10.9	0.63	25.0
Y	11.6—19.5	14.8	2.3	0.15	22.0
Ga	11.4—16.2	13.5	1.1	0.08	17.0
Ni	2.5—15.5	9.3	3.3	0.36	20.0
Nb	2.5—10.2	6.5	2.2	0.35	25.0
Bi	5.8—5.8	5.8	0.0	0.00	127.0
Hf	2.0—4.7	3.41	0.7	0.22	5.8
Mo	0.0—7.7	3.0	2.9	0.95	1.5

项目		Ba	Sr	Cr	Zr	Rb	V	Co	Zn	La
微量元素含量	表层	396.7	259.7	136.7	127.9	96.7	59.5	52.5	36.2	21.6
	4—10 cm	384.2	172.8	70.6	142.5	132.5	42.5	97.6	31.2	22.4
	10—40 cm	375.6	167.6	87.0	137.9	134.4	42.9	80.9	32.5	24.8
	40—60 cm	380.3	170.2	199.4	136.05	131.8	44.5	4.1	34.7	25.5
变异系数		0.02	0.23	0.47	0.04	0.15	0.17	0.70	0.07	0.08
项目		Pb	Cu	Y	Ga	Ni	Nb	Bi	Hf	Mo
微量元素含量	表层	19.8	19.2	15.5	13.9	10.5	7.2	5.8	3.7	3.5
	4—10 cm	23.0	10.6	17.0	13.3	11.1	8.4	5.8	3.9	1.2
	10—40 cm	24.0	11.8	17.0	13.1	12.2	8.2	5.8	3.8	1.9
	40—60 cm	22.5	12.2	16.7	12.9	13.5	8.3	5.8	3.8	5.2
变异系数		0.08	0.29	0.04	0.03	0.11	0.07	0.00	0.02	0.60

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