Changing provenance of Harbin loess since the Middle Pleistocene： evidence from TIMA automated quantification of minerals

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00008

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 25-35.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00008

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Changing provenance of Harbin loess since the Middle Pleistocene： evidence from TIMA automated quantification of minerals

Jinqiu Wang¹(), Yuanyun Xie¹^,²(), Chunguo Kang³, Yunping Chi¹^,², Lei Sun¹, Peng Wu¹, Zhenyu Wei¹

^1.College of Geographic Science /, Harbin Normal University，Harbin 150025，China
^2.Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University，Harbin 150025，China
^3.School of Geography and Tourism，Harbin University，Harbin 150086，China

Received:2021-12-22 Revised:2022-02-04 Online:2022-09-20 Published:2022-09-22
Contact: Yuanyun Xie

Abstract

Abstract:

Loess contains abundant paleoclimatic information， and an understanding of its provenance variability is essential for understanding the climate aridification of inland Asia， atmospheric circulation patterns， and the evolution of the Asian monsoon. The large outcrop thickness and stratigraphic continuousness of Harbin Huangshan section， preserve the most complete loess-paleosol sequence in the Songnen Plain. Heavy minerals are widely used in river source-to-sink studies， but are relatively rare in aeolian sediments. Quantitative mineralogical methods are fast in analysis and can obtain a large amount of data in a relatively short time. Therefore， the TIMA （TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer） automated quantitative mineral analysis and chronological tests （OSL， ESR and ¹⁴C） were performed on the Harbin loess-paleosol sequences with a view to understanding provenance change on glacial-interglacial time scale. The results showed that the mineral species identified by the TIMA method were higher than conventional method. Despite some differences in the identification results of the two methods， the revealed heavy mineral assemblages are basically the same. The loess-paleosol sequence is characterized by distinctly different variations of pseudobrookite， amphibole， zircon， apatite， rutile， ilmenite， chromite， titanite， pyroxene and heavy mineral characterization indices （e.g.， ZTR and GZi） in the 20-63 μm fraction of the upper and lower strata at 15.1 m （~234.2 ka）. However， the <20 μm fraction does not exhibit such characteristics， with the exception of pseudobrookite and monazite. Differences in the heavy mineral composition of the upper and lower horizons of the loess-paleosol sequence are indicative of changes in the provenance of the Harbin loess. Below 15.1 m， Harbin loess not only receives the contribution of near-source dust from Songnen Sandy Land， but also has the contribution of dust from distant sources （i.e.， Onqin Daga Sandy Land and Horqin Sandy Land）. With the intensification of aridification climate， the expansion of the extent of Songnen Sandy Land has led to a decrease in the proportion of distant source contribution and a significant increase in the near source contribution of loess accumulation above 15.1 m. In other words， the expansion of the dust source area of the Songnen Sand Land due to enhanced climatic aridification is the main reason for the provenance change of the Harbin loess.

Key words: Harbin, loess, heavy minerals, TIMA analysis, provenance change, aridification

CLC Number:

P531

Jinqiu Wang, Yuanyun Xie, Chunguo Kang, Yunping Chi, Lei Sun, Peng Wu, Zhenyu Wei. Changing provenance of Harbin loess since the Middle Pleistocene： evidence from TIMA automated quantification of minerals[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2022, 42(5): 25-35.

Figures/Tables 7

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样品号	深度/m	K/%	Th/10^-6	U/10^-6	含水率/%	剂量率/(Gy·ka^-1)	等效剂量/Gy	OSL年龄/ka	ESR年龄/ka	¹⁴C年龄/a BP	树轮矫正年龄/cal a BP
OSL-1	4.18	2.45±0.05	12.7±0.2	3.1±0.55	11	4.2±0.2	146.6±6.3	35.0±2.8
OSL-2	5.23	2.47±0.05	12.3±0.2	2.7±0.53	11	4.1±0.2	169.1±18.6	41.6±5.4
OSL-3	5.87	2.41±0.05	12.7±0.2	3.±10.53	10	4.2±0.2	197.8±12.0	47.4±4.2
ESR-1	28.6	3.22	12.5	2.13	18.5	3.51	1 698±139		484±40
ESR-2	30.2	3.16	12.4	2.08	23.7	3.19	1 570±201		492±25
ESR-3	30.8	3.02	12.1	2.17	36.4	2.52	1 248±78		495±31
¹⁴C-1	30									520±25	538±25
¹⁴C-2	70									1 415±20	1 318±15
¹⁴C-3	110									5 170±30	5 933±36
¹⁴C-4	130									5 885±30	6 760±33
¹⁴C-5	300									21 160±150	25 496±166

样品号	深度/m	K/%	Th/10^-6	U/10^-6	含水率/%	剂量率/(Gy·ka^-1)	等效剂量/Gy	OSL年龄/ka	ESR年龄/ka	¹⁴C年龄/a BP	树轮矫正年龄/cal a BP
OSL-1	4.18	2.45±0.05	12.7±0.2	3.1±0.55	11	4.2±0.2	146.6±6.3	35.0±2.8
OSL-2	5.23	2.47±0.05	12.3±0.2	2.7±0.53	11	4.1±0.2	169.1±18.6	41.6±5.4
OSL-3	5.87	2.41±0.05	12.7±0.2	3.±10.53	10	4.2±0.2	197.8±12.0	47.4±4.2
ESR-1	28.6	3.22	12.5	2.13	18.5	3.51	1 698±139		484±40
ESR-2	30.2	3.16	12.4	2.08	23.7	3.19	1 570±201		492±25
ESR-3	30.8	3.02	12.1	2.17	36.4	2.52	1 248±78		495±31
¹⁴C-1	30									520±25	538±25
¹⁴C-2	70									1 415±20	1 318±15
¹⁴C-3	110									5 170±30	5 933±36
¹⁴C-4	130									5 885±30	6 760±33
¹⁴C-5	300									21 160±150	25 496±166

样品编号	方法	锆石	磷灰石	金红石	锐钛矿	白钛石	榍石	独居石	角闪石	电气石	石榴子石	绿帘石	辉石	钛铁矿	赤褐铁矿	磁铁矿
HS-all-10	传统	7.28	0.39	0.33	0.76	0.93	3.45	0.06	12.51	0.11	1.50	27.53	2.06	26.31	6.56	5.47
	TIMA	9.93	0.76	4.20	0.00	2.51	6.70	0.34	5.52	2.82	1.21	19.14	0.14	29.48	0.00	16.46
HS-all-26	传统	10.63	0.03	0.55	0.81	0.88	4.47	0.36	5.67	0.47	3.07	27.90	0.83	31.92	8.86	0.99
	TIMA	9.38	0.30	4.98	0.00	3.07	6.65	0.59	6.58	3.99	1.52	22.25	0.27	31.80	0.00	7.90
HS-all-31	传统	6.61	0.16	0.34	0.96	0.99	5.11	0.12	9.17	0.47	2.00	23.62	1.41	27.85	8.81	7.99
	TIMA	5.93	0.72	3.93	0.00	3.00	6.46	0.24	8.89	3.08	1.42	22.47	0.29	24.58	0.00	17.83
HS-all-36	传统	10.63	0.17	0.66	1.03	1.44	5.11	0.09	8.66	0.18	2.23	28.20	2.23	24.18	9.37	1.17
	TIMA	7.53	0.60	4.80	0.00	2.91	7.33	0.16	8.30	3.91	1.91	27.85	0.35	25.84	0.00	7.17

样品编号	方法	锆石	磷灰石	金红石	锐钛矿	白钛石	榍石	独居石	角闪石	电气石	石榴子石	绿帘石	辉石	钛铁矿	赤褐铁矿	磁铁矿
HS-all-10	传统	7.28	0.39	0.33	0.76	0.93	3.45	0.06	12.51	0.11	1.50	27.53	2.06	26.31	6.56	5.47
	TIMA	9.93	0.76	4.20	0.00	2.51	6.70	0.34	5.52	2.82	1.21	19.14	0.14	29.48	0.00	16.46
HS-all-26	传统	10.63	0.03	0.55	0.81	0.88	4.47	0.36	5.67	0.47	3.07	27.90	0.83	31.92	8.86	0.99
	TIMA	9.38	0.30	4.98	0.00	3.07	6.65	0.59	6.58	3.99	1.52	22.25	0.27	31.80	0.00	7.90
HS-all-31	传统	6.61	0.16	0.34	0.96	0.99	5.11	0.12	9.17	0.47	2.00	23.62	1.41	27.85	8.81	7.99
	TIMA	5.93	0.72	3.93	0.00	3.00	6.46	0.24	8.89	3.08	1.42	22.47	0.29	24.58	0.00	17.83
HS-all-36	传统	10.63	0.17	0.66	1.03	1.44	5.11	0.09	8.66	0.18	2.23	28.20	2.23	24.18	9.37	1.17
	TIMA	7.53	0.60	4.80	0.00	2.91	7.33	0.16	8.30	3.91	1.91	27.85	0.35	25.84	0.00	7.17

采样点	锆石	磷灰石	金红石	锐钛矿	白钛石	榍石	独居石	角闪石	电气石	石榴子石	绿帘石	辉石	钛铁矿	赤褐铁矿	磁铁矿	磁钛铁矿
上部地层	7.30	0.40	0.30	0.80	0.90	3.50	0.10	12.50	0.10	1.50	27.60	2.10	26.30	6.60	5.50	0.00
松嫩沙地	6.70	1.40	0.70	0.20	0.80	3.70	0.10	17.90	0.40	1.30	23.20	0.70	11.70	13.70	12.70	0.00
浑善达克沙地	9.70	1.30	1.00	1.00	0.90	0.80	0.60	8.70	3.40	6.40	11.00	9.20	21.10	3.60	6.60	9.20
科尔沁沙地	7.10	1.90	2.50	1.40	0.70	1.90	0.80	7.20	1.90	12.80	17.90	9.40	23.60	5.40	0.10	0.00
下部地层	9.30	0.10	0.50	0.90	1.10	4.90	0.20	7.80	0.40	2.40	26.60	1.50	28.00	9.00	3.40	0.00

Changing provenance of Harbin loess since the Middle Pleistocene： evidence from TIMA automated quantification of minerals

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