Surface particle size composition and aeolian-sand flow structure of Zuo Lake Basin in the source of Yangtze River

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00138

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 47-56.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00138

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Surface particle size composition and aeolian-sand flow structure of Zuo Lake Basin in the source of Yangtze River

Yawei Fan¹^,²(), Heqiang Du¹(), Shanlong Lu³, Zhiwen Han¹, Xiufan Liu¹^,², Xinlei Liu¹^,²

^1.National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Area，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China
^3.Key Laboratory of Digital Earth，Aerospace Information Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100094，China

Received:2022-09-06 Revised:2022-10-16 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-31
Contact: Heqiang Du

Abstract

Abstract:

The dry lake basin is one of the main sources of sandstorms in arid and semi-arid areas. With the burst of Zuo Lake in the source region of the Yangtze River， a large number of fragmentary materials from the lake bottom was exposed to the surface and became the new source of sand. The increasing sand storm disaster seriously threatened the ecological environment of Zuo Lake Basin and the safe operation of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. In this paper， the grain size distribution and aeolian-sand flow structure of surface and aeolian-sand sediments after levee breach of Zuo Lake were obtained through systematic observation of aeolian-sand activities in three typical parts of west bank， south bank and east side of Zuo Lake. The results show that the west bank of Zuo Lake is the most intense area of sand activity in the basin， and the west bank and the south bank are the main source of sand and dust areas in the basin. The east side is the sedimentation area， and its blown sand sediments include both local sand materials and the dust from the west bank and the south bank. Due to the fine grain size of lacustrine sediments， the sand flow structure of west bank decreases linearly with height. Combined with the grain size results of surface and aeolian-sand flow sediments， it is speculated that the sand and dust initiation in Zuo Lake Basin is mainly aerodynamic entrainment， rather than the saltation bombardment as traditionally believed. The characteristics indicate that the aeolian sand activity in the dry lake basin in the plateau region is unique， and the prevention and control mode of low altitude areas cannot be copied in the prevention and control of aeolian-sand.

Key words: Zuo Lake Basin, dry lake basin, particle size distribution, aeolian-sand flow structure, dust entrainment mode

CLC Number:

P931.3

Yawei Fan, Heqiang Du, Shanlong Lu, Zhiwen Han, Xiufan Liu, Xinlei Liu. Surface particle size composition and aeolian-sand flow structure of Zuo Lake Basin in the source of Yangtze River[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(3): 47-56.

Figures/Tables 9

References 45

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沉积物	粒径/Ф	类别名称	沉积物	粒径/Ф	类别名称	沉积物	粒径/Ф	类别名称
砾石	<-8	巨砾	砾石	-1~-2	极细砾	粉砂	5~4	极粗粉砂
	-6~-8	卵石	砂	0~-1	极粗砂		6~5	粗粉砂
	-5~-6	极粗砾		1~0	粗砂		7~6	中粉砂
	-4~-5	粗砾		2~1	中砂		8~7	细粉砂
	-3~-4	中砾		3~2	细砂		8~9	极细粉砂
	-2~-3	细砾		4~3	极细砂	黏粒	> 9	黏粒

沉积物	粒径/Ф	类别名称	沉积物	粒径/Ф	类别名称	沉积物	粒径/Ф	类别名称
砾石	<-8	巨砾	砾石	-1~-2	极细砾	粉砂	5~4	极粗粉砂
	-6~-8	卵石	砂	0~-1	极粗砂		6~5	粗粉砂
	-5~-6	极粗砾		1~0	粗砂		7~6	中粉砂
	-4~-5	粗砾		2~1	中砂		8~7	细粉砂
	-3~-4	中砾		3~2	细砂		8~9	极细粉砂
	-2~-3	细砾		4~3	极细砂	黏粒	> 9	黏粒

分选系数σ		偏度SK		峰度K_g
范围/Ф	描述	范围	描述	范围	描述
<0.35	分选极好	-1.0~-0.3	极负偏	<0.67	很宽
0.35~0.50	分选很好	-0.3~-0.1	负偏	0.67~0.90	宽
0.50~0.71	分选较好	-0.1~ 0.1	近对称	0.90~1.11	中等
0.71~1.00	分选中等	0.1~0.3	正偏	1.11~1.50	窄
1.00~2.00	分选较差	0.3~1.0	极正偏	1.50~3.00	很窄
2.00~4.00	分选很差			>3.00	非常窄
>4.00	分选极差

分选系数σ		偏度SK		峰度K_g
范围/Ф	描述	范围	描述	范围	描述
<0.35	分选极好	-1.0~-0.3	极负偏	<0.67	很宽
0.35~0.50	分选很好	-0.3~-0.1	负偏	0.67~0.90	宽
0.50~0.71	分选较好	-0.1~ 0.1	近对称	0.90~1.11	中等
0.71~1.00	分选中等	0.1~0.3	正偏	1.11~1.50	窄
1.00~2.00	分选较差	0.3~1.0	极正偏	1.50~3.00	很窄
2.00~4.00	分选很差			>3.00	非常窄
>4.00	分选极差

土样采集部位	粒度参数
土样采集部位	平均粒径M_z/Ф	平均粒径标准差S_d	分选系数σ/Ф	偏度SK	峰态K_g
西岸观测场	6.771	1.177	1.8433	-0.0031	1.0796
南岸观测场	6.156	0.787	2.2729	0.0045	0.8975
东侧沉降区	5.103	1.107	1.9635	0.1024	1.3478
溃堤口与溃堤河道	5.879	0.577	2.0749	0.0111	0.9465
未溃堤地面	5.685	0.425	2.4684	0.0449	0.7716

Surface particle size composition and aeolian-sand flow structure of Zuo Lake Basin in the source of Yangtze River

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沙粒采集部位	粒度参数
沙粒采集部位	平均粒径M_z	平均粒径标准差S_d	分选系数σ	偏度SK	峰态K_g
西岸观测场	5.225 Ф	0.996	1.9972 Ф	0.0760	0.8388
南岸观测场	4.653 Ф	0.339	2.0914 Ф	0.1133	1.0685
东侧沉降区	3.595 Ф	0.748	1.5590 Ф	0.2148	1.6214

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