Windbreak and sand-fixation effects of typical shrub plants in the desert-oasis transitional zone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00030

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 31-40.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00030

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Windbreak and sand-fixation effects of typical shrub plants in the desert-oasis transitional zone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River

Guanglu Hu¹^,²(), Haizhi Chen¹, Jin Ma¹, Hu Tao¹, Chengqian Zhou¹, Peng Liu¹

^1.School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering /, Lanzhou Jiaotong University，Lanzhou 730070，China
^2.Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University，Lanzhou 730070，China

Received:2023-01-29 Revised:2023-04-04 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-09-27

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the windbreak and sand-fixation effects of typical shrub plants in the desert-oasis transitional zone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River， through field investigation and observation experiments， the influence laws of sand-fixation plants Haloxylon ammodendron， Nitraria sphaerocarpa， and Calligonum mongolicum on the quantity and structure of wind-blown sand flow were quantitatively analyzed， and the influence mechanism was analyzed using the principles of aerodynamics. The results showed that the windbreak effect was Haloxylon ammodendron>Calligonum mongolicum>Nitraria sphaerocarpa， and there was a significant difference between the windward side and the leeward side. The windbreak effect of Haloxylon ammodendron was more significant than that of other shrub plants， with the maximum wind speed reduction ratio of 62.9% and the maximum effective protection distance. The sand blocking efficiency of Haloxylon ammodendron， Nitrariasphaerocarpa and Calligonum mongolicum were 60.7%， 51.0% and 46.3% respectively， and the sediment transport rate of each shrub plant decreased with height in a stepwise manner under the same wind speed. The relationship between sediment transport rate of shrub vegetation and wind speed conforms to exponential function or polynomial function. The sediment transport rate increases most rapidly when the wind speed exceeds 7.0 m·s^-1. Comprehensive analysis shows that the wind resistance effect of Haloxylon ammodendron is better than that of Nitraria sphaerocarpa and Calligonum mongolicum， but its near surface wind erosion prevention effect is average. Nitraria sphaerocarpa exhibits good wind erosion resistance due to its low and dense plant structure， but its effective protection distance is the smallest， and its wind erosion prevention effect is poor when the height is large. This result can provide a reference basis for the construction of sand-fixing vegetation in the desert oasis transitional zone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River.

Key words: shrub plant, windbreak and sand fixation, wind-sand flow structure, desert-oasis transitional zone

CLC Number:

P931.3

Guanglu Hu, Haizhi Chen, Jin Ma, Hu Tao, Chengqian Zhou, Peng Liu. Windbreak and sand-fixation effects of typical shrub plants in the desert-oasis transitional zone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(5): 31-40.

Figures/Tables 11

Table 1 Basic situation of plants in the observation area

植物种	高度/m	冠幅/m	盖度/%	立地条件
梭梭	1.5~2.5	1.6~2.0	20~25	丘间地
沙拐枣	0.8~1.6	0.6~1.0	6~8	丘间地
泡泡刺	0.3~1.5	1.2~2.4	10~15	灌丛沙包

Fig. 1 Layout of wind speed observation of shrub plants

Fig. 2 Field observation photos of windbreak effect and sand blocking efficiency

Fig. 3 Wind speed changes of three shrub plants at different distances

Fig. 4 Wind speed flow field at 0.5 m height of three shrub plants

Fig. 5 Wind speed flow field at 1.0 m height of three shrub plants

Fig. 6 Wind speed flow field at 1.5 m height of three shrub plants

Fig. 7 Change of total sediment transport rate at different distances around three shrub plants

Fig. 8 Wind-sand flow structure of three shrub plants

Table 2 Function relationship between wind speed （ v ） and total sediment transport rate （ Q ） of different shrub plants

植物种	指数函数	R2	P	多项式函数	R2	P
梭梭	Q=0.001e^0.656^v	0.984	<0.01	Q= 0.012v² -0.113v+0.291	0.998	<0.01
沙拐枣	Q=0.001e^0.608^v	0.978	<0.01	Q= 0.016v² -0.166v+0.460	0.994	<0.01
泡泡刺	Q =0.001e^0.544^v	0.966	<0.01	Q= 0.013v² -0.155v+0.460	0.983	<0.01

Table 3 Calculation results of the total sediment transport rate（g·cm-2·min-1 ）under different wind speeds

植物种	函数关系	风速/（m·s^-1）
植物种	函数关系	5	6	7	8	9	10
梭梭	指数函数	0.017	0.033	0.064	0.124	0.238	0.459
梭梭	多项式函数	0.017	0.032	0.071	0.134	0.220	0.329
沙拐枣	指数函数	0.021	0.038	0.071	0.128	0.238	0.437
沙拐枣	多项式函数	0.021	0.031	0.069	0.140	0.241	0.374
泡泡刺	指数函数	0.027	0.046	0.080	0.137	0.236	0.407
泡泡刺	多项式函数	0.023	0.036	0.084	0.158	0.259	0.387

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Windbreak and sand-fixation effects of typical shrub plants in the desert-oasis transitional zone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River

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