Impact of large-scale photovoltaic power station construction on soil bacterial communities in the Gonghe Basin

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00062

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 1-10.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00062

Impact of large-scale photovoltaic power station construction on soil bacterial communities in the Gonghe Basin

Qing Zhang¹^,²(), Qinghe Niu¹(), Yi Li¹, Ruiping Zu¹, Junzhan Wang¹, Yawen Deng¹^,², Jiachen Zhang³, Chunli Su⁴

^1.National Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands / Dunhuang Gobi and Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China
^3.Center for Plateru Energy Industry and Ecology，Qinghai Huanghe Hydropower Development Co. ，Ltd. ，Xining 814000，China
^4.East China Electric Power Design Institute Co. ，Ltd. ，China Power Engineering Consulting Group，Shanghai 200063，China

Received:2025-02-20 Revised:2025-05-06 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-11
Contact: Qinghe Niu

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the impact of large-scale photovoltaic （PV） power station construction on soil bacterial community diversity and function， a study was conducted at a large-scale PV power station in Talatan， Gonghe County， Qinghai Province. Sampling areas were set up in the inter-panel zone， under-panel zone， and an off-site control zone， covering both grassland and sandy land surface landscapes. Soil physicochemical properties and vegetation characteristics were investigated， and bacterial community composition and diversity were analyzed using 16S amplification technology. The influence of environmental factors on soil bacterial communities was also examined. The results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla in both grassland and sandy land areas were Actinobacteriota， Proteobacteria， Chloroflexi， and Acidobacteriota. The α-diversity of bacterial communities was higher in the off-site control zone compared to the inter-panel and under-panel zones within the PV power station. Significant differences in β-diversity were observed in grassland， but not in sandy land. Total nitrogen， total phosphorus， and ammonium nitrogen were the main factors affecting the abundance of dominant bacterial phyla in grassland， while soil alkaline phosphatase activity was the primary factor influencing the abundance of dominant bacterial phyla in sandy land. The ecological functions of soil bacteria in the PV power station were predominantly centered on carbon cycling metabolic pathways. The construction of large-scale PV power stations alters soil physicochemical properties， thereby inducing changes in soil bacterial composition， diversity， and ecological functions.

Key words: photovoltaic power station, soil bacteria, ecological function prediction, microbial diversity

CLC Number:

S154.3

Qing Zhang, Qinghe Niu, Yi Li, Ruiping Zu, Junzhan Wang, Yawen Deng, Jiachen Zhang, Chunli Su. Impact of large-scale photovoltaic power station construction on soil bacterial communities in the Gonghe Basin[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2026, 46(3): 1-10.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Relative abundances of dominant bacterial phyla in soil at the phylum level in grassland （A） and sandy land （B）

Fig.2 Relative abundances of dominant soil bacteria at the genus level in grassland （A） and sandy land （B）

Table 1 Soil bacteria diversity index in grassland and sandy land

特征指标	草地			沙地
特征指标	板间	板下	对照	板间	板下	对照
Ace指数	3 405.44±1 098.26	3 035.14±263.09	3 408.65±15.52	2 295.84±138.35	2 967.80±223.87	3 347.67±43.13
Simpson指数	0.020±0.018	0.006±0.000	0.006±0.002	0.009±0.004	0.005±0.002	0.004±0.002
Shannon指数	5.86±1.06	6.34±0.04	6.37±0.16	5.94±0.56	6.42±0.11	6.60±0.16
Coverage指数	0.98±0.00	0.99±0.00	0.99±0.00	0.99±0.00	0.99±0.00	0.99±0.00

Fig.3 Soil bacteria β-diversity in grassland （A） and sandy land （B）

Fig.4 Correlation between the relative abundances of dominant bacterial phyla and environmental factors in grassland （A） and sandy land （B）

Fig.5 Correlation between the relative abundances of dominant bacterial genera and environmental factors in grassland （A） and sandy land （B）

Fig.6 Prediction of the ecological functions of soil bacteria in grassland （A） and sandy land （B）

Fig.7 Multiple comparisons of ecological functions in grassland （A） and sandy land （B）

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Impact of large-scale photovoltaic power station construction on soil bacterial communities in the Gonghe Basin

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