| 天气与气候 |
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| Spatial Structural Patterns and Variability of Precipitation over the Desert Region of Northern China |
| XU Li-gang1,2,3, LIANG Chuan1, ZHOU Hong-fei3, WU Hong-xiang4 |
| 1.Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; 2.College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; 3.The Scientific Research Institute of the Water Conservancy of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China; 4.Water Resources Office of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750001, China |
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Abstract By means of empirical orthogonal function(EOF), rotated empirical orthogonal function(REOF), principal component analysis, fractal theory and geostatistical approach, the spatial distribution pattern, primary effect factors and spatial variability of precipitation are analyzed based on the monthly precipitation data during 1951—2005 for 35 weather stations in desert regions of northern China. Results indicate that: (1) Spatial distribution pattern of precipitation is primarily "complex middle type" and "east-west reversed type" (with the contribution rate of 35.8% and 20.4% to overall variance, respectively). The change trend of precipitation is weakened from west to east. It is possible that the precipitation will increase over the west region, increase in the central region by small range, but get drought in the eastern region. (2) The semivariogram of precipitation fits spherical model in Xinjiang area and Qinhai-Hexi-Hetao Region, and fits exponential model in the mid-east of Inner Mongolia Plateau. The arising of precipitation spatial heterogeneity with 0.01%~1.62% is owing to random factors. (3) In 1950s and 1970s, the spatial variation of precipitation in Qinhai-Hexi-Hetao Region is the biggest, followed by Xinjiang area, and the mid-east of Inner Mongolia Plateau area is the minimum. But since entering 1990s, the spatial variation of precipitation is the biggest in Xinjiang area, Qinhai-Hexi-Hetao Region is the minimum. The precipitation variability is the strongest in north-south direction (0) in Xinjiang area, northeast-southwest (45) in Qinhai-Hexi-Hetao Region, and east-west direction (90) in the mid-east of Inner Mongolia Plateau area.
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Received: 22 November 2009
Published: 20 November 2010
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2010, Vol. 30 
