Journal of Desert Research ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 59-66.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00104
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Yuanzheng He1,2(), Wenda Huang1(
), Xin Zhao1, Peng Lv1,2, Huaihai Wang1,2
Received:
2020-04-29
Revised:
2020-09-17
Online:
2021-01-29
Published:
2021-01-29
Contact:
Wenda Huang
CLC Number:
Yuanzheng He, Wenda Huang, Xin Zhao, Peng Lv, Huaihai Wang. Review on the impact of climate change on plant diversity[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2021, 41(1): 59-66.
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URL: http://www.desert.ac.cn/EN/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00104
研究区域 | 植物多样性变化 | 文献来源 | |
---|---|---|---|
全球尺度 | 南半球植被长势呈小幅增加趋势,北半球中高纬度地区植被长势呈大幅增加趋势 | [ | |
北极苔原生态系统灌木和禾草的盖度增加,植物群落物种多样性降低 | [ | ||
加拿大北美香柏(Thuja occidentalis)物种遗传多样性与纬度梯度没有相关性 | [ | ||
植物叶片较厚,单位面积的叶干物质高 | [ | ||
北美乔木木材密度性状差异增加 | [ | ||
显著影响欧洲植物群落功能多样性地理格局 | [ | ||
澳大利亚大豆属(Gluycine)植物种子质量变大 | [ | ||
区域尺度 | 高寒草原 | 植物群落物种丰富度降低26%—36% | [ |
降低异针茅(Stipa aliena)和垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)的种群遗传多样性 | [ | ||
增加了绵穗柳(Salix eriostachya)比叶面积,显著降低了叶氮含量 | [ | ||
川贝母(Fritillaria cirrhosa)叶绿素含量没有显著变化 年均温是影响青藏高原生态系统多功能性的主导因子 | [ [ | ||
荒漠草原 | 植物群落物种丰富度没有显著变化 | [ | |
裸果木(Gymnocarpos przewalskii)、小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)、中间锦鸡儿(C. davazamcii)和柠条锦鸡儿(C. korshinskii)的遗传参数与年平均气温呈显著负相关 | [ | ||
大针茅(Stipa grandis)、差不嘎蒿(Artemisia halodendron)和野牛草(Buchloe dactyloides)遗传多样性和遗传距离都与年均温呈极显著正相关 | [ | ||
多年生和一年生植物对增温具有不同的遗传响应,且短期增温不能使植物种群遗传多样性和遗传结构发生显著变化 | [ | ||
旱生植物叶子小型化 | [ | ||
温性草原 | 植被物种丰富度与年平均气温呈峰型关系 | [ |
Table 1 Effects of climate warming on plant diversity
研究区域 | 植物多样性变化 | 文献来源 | |
---|---|---|---|
全球尺度 | 南半球植被长势呈小幅增加趋势,北半球中高纬度地区植被长势呈大幅增加趋势 | [ | |
北极苔原生态系统灌木和禾草的盖度增加,植物群落物种多样性降低 | [ | ||
加拿大北美香柏(Thuja occidentalis)物种遗传多样性与纬度梯度没有相关性 | [ | ||
植物叶片较厚,单位面积的叶干物质高 | [ | ||
北美乔木木材密度性状差异增加 | [ | ||
显著影响欧洲植物群落功能多样性地理格局 | [ | ||
澳大利亚大豆属(Gluycine)植物种子质量变大 | [ | ||
区域尺度 | 高寒草原 | 植物群落物种丰富度降低26%—36% | [ |
降低异针茅(Stipa aliena)和垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)的种群遗传多样性 | [ | ||
增加了绵穗柳(Salix eriostachya)比叶面积,显著降低了叶氮含量 | [ | ||
川贝母(Fritillaria cirrhosa)叶绿素含量没有显著变化 年均温是影响青藏高原生态系统多功能性的主导因子 | [ [ | ||
荒漠草原 | 植物群落物种丰富度没有显著变化 | [ | |
裸果木(Gymnocarpos przewalskii)、小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)、中间锦鸡儿(C. davazamcii)和柠条锦鸡儿(C. korshinskii)的遗传参数与年平均气温呈显著负相关 | [ | ||
大针茅(Stipa grandis)、差不嘎蒿(Artemisia halodendron)和野牛草(Buchloe dactyloides)遗传多样性和遗传距离都与年均温呈极显著正相关 | [ | ||
多年生和一年生植物对增温具有不同的遗传响应,且短期增温不能使植物种群遗传多样性和遗传结构发生显著变化 | [ | ||
旱生植物叶子小型化 | [ | ||
温性草原 | 植被物种丰富度与年平均气温呈峰型关系 | [ |
研究区域 | 植物多样性变化 | 文献来源 | |
---|---|---|---|
全球尺度 | 物种丰富度与年降水量呈显著正相关 | [ | |
年降水的增加对钙质草地和一年生草地植物多样性没有显著影响 | [ | ||
年降雨量升高,北美和南美大平原禾草物种叶片长、株高、单位茎干叶面积、SLA、N吸收率増加,叶片干重、老叶片中的N含量降低 | [ | ||
美国新墨西哥州模拟降水年际变异增加,植物功能多样性增加 | [ | ||
巴拿马中部热带雨林群落林冠层的叶功能性状与降水量呈现负相关 | [ | ||
澳大利亚东南部多年生植物叶片宽度、比叶面积和冠层高度与降水量呈正相关 在全球亚湿润干燥区,降水格局变化影响物种丰富度和生态系统多功能性相互关系 欧亚草原植物地上生物量受年降雨量影响显著 降水变异性的增加显著降低了南美草原生态系统的初级生产力 | [ [ [ [ | ||
区域尺度 | 草原 | 降水格局变化是影响锡林郭勒典型草原植物功能多样性的主要环境因子;物种丰富度与年降水量呈显著正相关 | [ |
年降水梯度增加,内蒙古草原植物多样性沿荒漠—荒漠草原—典型草原—草甸草原的梯度增加 | [ | ||
增水处理没有显著影响内蒙古草原贝加尔针茅(Stipa baicalensis)草原物种多样性 | [ | ||
新疆温性草原植被物种丰富度与年降水量呈正相关 | [ | ||
野牛草、小叶锦鸡儿和黄柳(Salix gordejevii)的遗传多样性与年降水量呈显著正相关 | [ | ||
降雨量增加阻碍差不嘎蒿和裸果木种群间的基因流,导致遗传多样性降低 | [ | ||
内蒙古草原贝加尔针茅、大针茅、克氏针茅(Stipa krylovii)、新疆针茅(S. sareptana)及针茅(S. capillata)遗传多样性与经度和年降水量相关性不显著 | [ | ||
物种承受较大干旱胁迫,荒漠草原植物比叶面积降低 | [ | ||
森林 | 树种多样性随年降水量的增加而增加;降水空间变化显著影响植物物种分布 | [ | |
年降水量和云杉的基因流呈显著正相关 | [ |
Table 2 Effects of precipitation pattern changes on plant diversity
研究区域 | 植物多样性变化 | 文献来源 | |
---|---|---|---|
全球尺度 | 物种丰富度与年降水量呈显著正相关 | [ | |
年降水的增加对钙质草地和一年生草地植物多样性没有显著影响 | [ | ||
年降雨量升高,北美和南美大平原禾草物种叶片长、株高、单位茎干叶面积、SLA、N吸收率増加,叶片干重、老叶片中的N含量降低 | [ | ||
美国新墨西哥州模拟降水年际变异增加,植物功能多样性增加 | [ | ||
巴拿马中部热带雨林群落林冠层的叶功能性状与降水量呈现负相关 | [ | ||
澳大利亚东南部多年生植物叶片宽度、比叶面积和冠层高度与降水量呈正相关 在全球亚湿润干燥区,降水格局变化影响物种丰富度和生态系统多功能性相互关系 欧亚草原植物地上生物量受年降雨量影响显著 降水变异性的增加显著降低了南美草原生态系统的初级生产力 | [ [ [ [ | ||
区域尺度 | 草原 | 降水格局变化是影响锡林郭勒典型草原植物功能多样性的主要环境因子;物种丰富度与年降水量呈显著正相关 | [ |
年降水梯度增加,内蒙古草原植物多样性沿荒漠—荒漠草原—典型草原—草甸草原的梯度增加 | [ | ||
增水处理没有显著影响内蒙古草原贝加尔针茅(Stipa baicalensis)草原物种多样性 | [ | ||
新疆温性草原植被物种丰富度与年降水量呈正相关 | [ | ||
野牛草、小叶锦鸡儿和黄柳(Salix gordejevii)的遗传多样性与年降水量呈显著正相关 | [ | ||
降雨量增加阻碍差不嘎蒿和裸果木种群间的基因流,导致遗传多样性降低 | [ | ||
内蒙古草原贝加尔针茅、大针茅、克氏针茅(Stipa krylovii)、新疆针茅(S. sareptana)及针茅(S. capillata)遗传多样性与经度和年降水量相关性不显著 | [ | ||
物种承受较大干旱胁迫,荒漠草原植物比叶面积降低 | [ | ||
森林 | 树种多样性随年降水量的增加而增加;降水空间变化显著影响植物物种分布 | [ | |
年降水量和云杉的基因流呈显著正相关 | [ |
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