Abstract: Using colour index of the four aeolian deposits sections (GLT section, WPL section, ZBT section, CC section), the chronology of these sediments sequences was built by ¹⁴C and OSL dating. The climate change of the Mu Us Desert was reconstructed since Holocene. The brightness (L^*) is influenced by organic matters which may indirectly reflects the precipitation. Redness (a^*) is negatively correlated with the magnetization rate and positively correlated with the average particle size (M_z). Therefore, redness mainly depends on the input of wind force to red matter, which reflects the wind force. At the intervals of paleosol development, the values of the redness, yellowness and lightness are low. And during the cold-dry period, the aeolian activity is strong. The values of the redness, yellowness, lightness are high. In general, the development of Holocene climate has been divided into four stages:The area was dominated by dry, cold and windy aeolian environment before 10 000 BP. During 10 000-7 500 BP, the environment of the desert was better than before, the aeolian activities were weakened, and the palaeosol developed. At the 7 500-3 000 BP intervals, the climate was mainly warm and humid, the palaeosol widely developed, with episodic aeolian activities. Since 3 000 BP to present, the climate tends to be dry and cold. Although the aeolian activities were strong, there were also warm and wet fluctuations during the period.

Key words: Holocene, colour index, Mu Us Desert, climate change