| Weather and Climate |
|
|
|
|
| Distribution of Cloud Condensation Nuclei over Desert and Polluted City beside the Helan Mountains |
| SANG Jian-ren1, TAO Tao1, YUE Yan-yu2, SHU Zhi-liang1, ZHAI Tao1, SUN Yan-qiao1 |
1.Key Laboratory of Preventing and Reducing Meteorological Disaster of Ningxia, Ningxia Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China;
2.Key Laboratory for Atmospheric physics & Environment, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract By analyzing observation data from cloud condensation nucleus counter and airborne PMS in August, 2007 in Alxa Left Banner of Inner Mongolian and Huinong District of Shizuishan City in Ningxia, the vertical variations of concentration of cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) near the ground and in the upper layers in the both sides of the Helan Mountains were discussed. CCN came mainly from underlying land surface, and its concentration in contaminated areas was significantly higher than over the desert because its concentration was greatly affected by urban pollution. Daily change of CCN concentration was apparent. The particle spectrum types were different under different supersaturation, mainly as single peak. The greater the supersaturation degree was, the greater number of the activated CCN was, and the greater the radius of particles produced. Observation in upper air showed that CCN concentration and aerosol number concentration were higher in the near-surface, and decreased with height, but the concentration would abruptly increase when it encountered inversion layer. Activated droplet spectrum of CCN presented bimodal type. Compared with CNN near the ground, the particle spectra of CNN in upper air moved to the side of large particles, and particle radius peak values were about 4 μm and 6 μm. Particle sizes of most aerosol particles were less than 0.3 μm. Activated droplet spectrum of CCN was close to the continental nuclear spectrum. CCN concentration, activation spectrum and activated droplet spectrum were different in different areas or different time. In order to understand the effect of CCN concentration and CCN spectral types on precipitation process and climate change, long-term continuous observation for CCN spectral type in different areas and different seasons was needed. Chemical compositions of CCN were different in different areas, and its effects on CCN concentration and spectrum distribution were also different, so observation of chemical composition of CNN was needed to deeply understand the characteristics of CNN spatial-temporal distribution.
|
|
Received: 10 March 2011
Published: 20 March 2012
|
|
|
| [1]Sax R I,Hudson J G.Continentality of the south Florida summertime CCN aerosol[J].Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,1981,38(7):1467-1479.[2]Hoppel W A.Measurement of the size distribution and CCN supersaturation spectrum of submicron aerosols over the ocean[J].Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,1979,36(10):2006-2015.[3]Twomey S,Wojciechowski T A.Observations of the Geographical Variation of Cloud Nuclei[J].Journal of the Atmospheric sciences,1968,26（5）:684-688.[4]Brenguier J L,Pawlowska H,Schuller L.Radiative properties of boundary layer clouds: Droplet effective radiusversus number concentration[J].Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,2000,57(6):803-821.[5]何绍钦.青岛沿海地区夏季云凝结核浓度观测及分析[J].南京气象学院学报,1987,10:452-460.[6]黄庚,李淑日,德力格尔,等.黄河上游云凝结核观测研究[J].气象,2002,28:45-49.[7]陈万奎,严采蘩,姚瑞平,等.乌鲁木齐冬季地面云凝结核观测结果[J].应用气象学报,1990,1:369-376.[8]樊曙先,安夏兰.贺兰山地区云凝结核浓度的测量及分析[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(3):338-340.[9]桑建人,杨有林.银川市初夏气溶胶粒子谱分布特征[J].中国沙漠,2003,23（3）:328-330.[10]牛生杰,章澄昌.贺兰山地区春季沙尘气溶胶的化学组分和富集因子分析[J].中国沙漠,2000,20（3）:264-268.[11]权建农,奚晓霞,王鑫,等.兰州市2001年沙尘气溶胶质量浓度的特征分析[J].中国沙漠,2005,25（1）:93-97.[12]申莉莉,盛立芳,陈静静.一次强沙尘暴过程中沙尘气溶胶空间分布的初步分析[J].中国沙漠,2010,30（6）:1483-1490.[13]郝丽,杨文,吴统文,等.沙尘气溶胶的光学特性及辐射强迫效应[J].中国沙漠,2010,30（6）:1477-1482.[14]王振海,张武,史晋森,等.半干旱地区大气颗粒物浓度及粒径谱特征的观测研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30（5）:1186-1193.[15]陆辉,魏文寿,刘明哲,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地大气气溶胶散射特征研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30（3）:660-667.[16]许潇锋,牛生杰,邱金桓,等.兰州1960—2003年大气气溶胶光学厚度和太阳辐射变化特征[J].中国沙漠,2009,29（5）:966-970.[17]刘建军,郑有飞,吴荣军,等.近沙尘源区气溶胶光学特性的季节变化及其统计学描述[J].中国沙漠,2009,29（1）:174-182.[18]陶俊,刘兰玉,陈克军.有机酸对云凝结核形成的影响[J].四川环境,2003,22:17-19.[19]Twomey S.The nuclei of natural cloud formation.Part Ⅰ:The chemical diffusion method and its application to atmospheric nuclei[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1959,43:227-250.[20]Hobbs P V,Bowdle D A,Radke L F.Particles in the lower troposphere over the high plains of the united states,Part 2:Cloud condensation nuclei and deliquescent particles[J].Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology,1985,42:1358-1369.[21]国家环保总局.2006年环境统计报表[EB/OL].Http://www.sepa.gov.cn.[22]王鹏云,何绍钦,赵学鹏,等.对流层中下层云凝结核浓度的观测和初步分析[M].气象科学技术集刊（9）.北京:气象出版社,1989:11-21. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
2012, Vol. 32 
