The progress on the development process and driving mechanisms of nebkhas in arid regions

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00324

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 151-161.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00324

The progress on the development process and driving mechanisms of nebkhas in arid regions

Weicheng Luo¹(), Wenzhi Zhao¹(), Bing Liu¹, Hai Zhou¹, Jiliang Liu¹, Jiayi Liu¹^,²

^1.Gansu Linze National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Farmland Ecosystem / State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China

Received:2025-11-23 Revised:2025-12-23 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2026-03-09
Contact: Wenzhi Zhao

Abstract

Abstract:

Nebkhas are discrete mounds vegetated with burial-tolerant desert plants that trap windborne sediment within their canopies. They are widely distributed in the arid and semi-arid desert areas， agro-pastoral ecotone zones， desert steppes and the edges of desert oases in the northwest of China. And they also play significant roles in desertification control and biodiversity protection of arid regions. The Linze Inland River Basin Research Station /Gansu Linze National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Farmland Ecosystem （hereinafter referred to as the Linze Station） established in 1975 and affiliated with the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources， Chinese Academy of Sciences， serves as a key base for eco-hydrological research in China's inland river basins. It is also one of the earlier institutions to conduct research on nebkhas. On the occasion of its 50th anniversary， this paper systematically reviews domestic and international studies on nebkhas， integrating major progress made by the Linze Station research team over the past decade. It comprehensively examines the development process and driving mechanisms of nebkhas from perspectives such as formation and evolution， spatial patterns， ecological functions， and conservation techniques. Through this review， we aim to deepen the understanding of the evolutionary processes and driving mechanisms of nebkhas， provide insights for their conservation， and offer theoretical support for desertification control and ecological restoration in arid and semi-arid regions.

Key words: nebkha, evolution process, “fertile islands”, ecological functions

CLC Number:

Weicheng Luo, Wenzhi Zhao, Bing Liu, Hai Zhou, Jiliang Liu, Jiayi Liu. The progress on the development process and driving mechanisms of nebkhas in arid regions[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2026, 46(1): 151-161.

Figures/Tables 2

References 75

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灌丛类型	调查区域	形态参数
白刺（泡泡刺）	河西走廊中部荒漠区	戈壁生境高度均值0.46 m，沙漠生境高度均值1.43 m^[29]
	腾格里沙漠南缘	高0.13~4.5 m^[30]
	艾比湖	高0.5~1.0 m，长4.5~7 m，宽3~5.5 m^[31]
	毛乌素沙地	高0.8~1.0 m，长6~8 m，宽5~7 m^[21-22]
	巴丹吉林沙漠	高0.37~1.3 m，长0.64~5.67 m，宽0.57~5.0 m^[21]
柽柳	罗布泊干湖盆	高3.0~15.0 m^[32]
	和田河	高度均值3.34 m，长9.0 m，宽8.5 m^[33]
	柴达木盆地	高15 m，长30 m，宽25 m
	塔克拉玛干沙漠	高3~15 m^[34-35]
小叶锦鸡儿	腾格里沙漠边缘	高0.4~1.8 m^[36]
	鄂尔多斯高原	高<2.0 m，宽0.5~14 m^[37]
	河北坝上	高0.1~1 m，长0.1~4.5 m，宽0.1~4.1 m^[38]
油蒿	毛乌素沙地	高0.2~1.1 m，长0.9~3.3 m，宽0.8~2.4 m^[39]
沙冬青	库布齐沙漠	高0.5~1.5 m，长0.8~4.5 m
霸王	浑善达克沙地	高0.5~1.3 m，长0.8~3.0 m
猫头刺	库布齐沙漠	高0.2~1.0 m，长0.5~2.3 m，宽0.3~2.0 m

灌丛类型	调查区域	形态参数
白刺（泡泡刺）	河西走廊中部荒漠区	戈壁生境高度均值0.46 m，沙漠生境高度均值1.43 m^[29]
	腾格里沙漠南缘	高0.13~4.5 m^[30]
	艾比湖	高0.5~1.0 m，长4.5~7 m，宽3~5.5 m^[31]
	毛乌素沙地	高0.8~1.0 m，长6~8 m，宽5~7 m^[21-22]
	巴丹吉林沙漠	高0.37~1.3 m，长0.64~5.67 m，宽0.57~5.0 m^[21]
柽柳	罗布泊干湖盆	高3.0~15.0 m^[32]
	和田河	高度均值3.34 m，长9.0 m，宽8.5 m^[33]
	柴达木盆地	高15 m，长30 m，宽25 m
	塔克拉玛干沙漠	高3~15 m^[34-35]
小叶锦鸡儿	腾格里沙漠边缘	高0.4~1.8 m^[36]
	鄂尔多斯高原	高<2.0 m，宽0.5~14 m^[37]
	河北坝上	高0.1~1 m，长0.1~4.5 m，宽0.1~4.1 m^[38]
油蒿	毛乌素沙地	高0.2~1.1 m，长0.9~3.3 m，宽0.8~2.4 m^[39]
沙冬青	库布齐沙漠	高0.5~1.5 m，长0.8~4.5 m
霸王	浑善达克沙地	高0.5~1.3 m，长0.8~3.0 m
猫头刺	库布齐沙漠	高0.2~1.0 m，长0.5~2.3 m，宽0.3~2.0 m

The progress on the development process and driving mechanisms of nebkhas in arid regions

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