Abstract: In this paper,on the premise that the arid climate system of northwest China is considered,the law of origination and evolution of northwest arid climate is summarized;the prediction theory and method of northwest arid climate,and the relationship between regional climate change and human behavior are qualitatively discussed to some extent.And some countermeasures of drought of northwest arid climate are raised,especially,among the countermeasures,the exploiting climate resources of oases and improving the utility of northwest water resources are emphasized.Then the ability to alleviate the conflict between supply and requirement of northwest water resources are roughly estimated.Finally,the difficulties that are faced,and the insufficiency that arises at present in studies of northwest arid climate system,as well as the focal issues which need to be studied are pointed out.

Key words: northwest China, arid climate system, prediction theory and method, countermeasures of drought, climate resources of oases