Aeolian activity characteristics and influencing factors of the dry lakebed of Chahan Lake on the Bashang Plateau

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00170

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 129-141.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00170

Aeolian activity characteristics and influencing factors of the dry lakebed of Chahan Lake on the Bashang Plateau

Ying Liu¹(), Rende Wang²(), Hongjun Jiang², Qing Li², Yixiao Yuan², Ruchun Zhang², Tao Zhang²

^1.Faculty of Geographical Science / Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disasters of Ministry of Education，Beijing Normal University，Beijing 100875，China
^2.Institute of Geographical Sciences / Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application，Hebei Academy of Sciences，Shijiazhuang 050011，China

Received:2024-10-28 Revised:2024-12-06 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-03-26
Contact: Rende Wang

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent decades， climate change and unsustainable water resource exploitation have disrupted the natural balance of inland lake ecosystems in China， leading to the shrinkage of lakes and the exposure of dry beds prone to wind erosion and salt-dust storms， which pose greater environmental risks than typical sandstorms. This study investigates the dry lakebed of Chahan Lake on the Bashang Plateau， a critical upwind area for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. Through field observations， ground surveys， and sediment sampling， the spatial-temporal patterns of springtime aeolian activity and influencing factors were analyzed. Results show that aeolian activity decreases over spring due to weakening winds， increasing precipitation， and the formation and fragmentation of surface salt crusts. Early spring sees much stronger activity than late spring. A high-risk zone for salt-dust release， covering 10.27 km²， was identified in the southwestern lake center and a 0.72 km² sand accumulation area downwind， with maximum sand transport intensity reaching 88 336.60 g·m⁻¹·d⁻¹.

Key words: dry lakebed, aeolian activity, salt-dust storm, field observation, Chahan Lake

CLC Number:

P931.3

Ying Liu, Rende Wang, Hongjun Jiang, Qing Li, Yixiao Yuan, Ruchun Zhang, Tao Zhang. Aeolian activity characteristics and influencing factors of the dry lakebed of Chahan Lake on the Bashang Plateau[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(2): 129-141.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Study area location and distribution of observation sites （Sentinel-2A true color composite image taken on April 20，2021）

Fig.2 Photos of observation instrument setup

Table 1 Aeolian activity observation time information

年份	观测时段编号	观测起止日期	时长/d
2021	NO.1	4月24日至5月5日	12
2021	NO.2	5月6日至5月21日	16
2023	NO.3	3月31日至4月27日	28
2023	NO.4	4月28日至5月15日	18

Fig.3 Photos of surface survey and sample collection

Fig.4 Aeolian sand transport intensity observations at different time periods

Fig.5 Aeolian sand deposition intensity observations at different time periods

Fig.6 Average wind speed and critical wind speed frequency at different time periods

Table 2 Soil moisture content （0-2.5 cm） at different time periods

观测点号	观测时间		观测点号	观测时间		观测点号	观测时间
观测点号	NO.1开始时刻	NO.2开始时刻	观测点号	NO.1开始时刻	NO.2开始时刻	观测点号	NO.3开始时刻	NO.4开始时刻
A1	4.47	11.40	A16	21.69	16.22	B1	6.42	0.55
A2	18.93	16.61	A17	5.24	22.21	B2	24.71	3.03
A3	10.96	28.17	A18	13.49	20.25	B3	22.60	5.45
A4	11.32	24.93	A19	8.93	27.14	B4	26.57	3.24
A5	8.12	23.06	A20	4.17	18.96	B5	19.98	3.95
A6	6.44	10.24	A21	5.53	12.31	B6	27.41	2.74
A7	10.66	11.00				B7	23.78	2.40
A8	6.52	12.21				B8	29.43	2.24
A9	8.91	10.35				B9	26.21	4.68
A10	2.23	9.41				B10	28.50	7.21
A11	1.23	8.49				B11	25.80	4.81
A12	2.51	8.33				B12	34.63	9.95
A13	16.61	8.11				B13	17.30	3.14
A14	21.52	18.04				B14	32.90	17.36
A15	25.02	13.12				B15	21.19	3.59

Fig.7 Surface salt crust development at the start of different time periods （A and B show the surface conditions at the A5 observation point in the lake center at the start of the first and second periods in 2021； C and D show the surface conditions at the A8 observation point on the lake edge at the start of the first and second periods in 2021； E and F show the surface conditions at the B7 observation point in the lake center at the start of the first and second periods in 2023； G and H show the surface conditions at the B12 observation point on the lake edge at the start of the first and second periods in 2023）

Fig.8 Aeolian sand transport intensity distribution at different times periods

Fig.9 Risk distribution map （A） and surface conditions in high （B）， medium （C）， and low （D） risk of salt-dust release from the dry lakebed of Chahan Lake

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Aeolian activity characteristics and influencing factors of the dry lakebed of Chahan Lake on the Bashang Plateau

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