The construction mode of desert photovoltaic facilities influences the growth characteristics of sand-fixing herbaceous plants through soil moisture

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00081

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 291-301.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00081

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The construction mode of desert photovoltaic facilities influences the growth characteristics of sand-fixing herbaceous plants through soil moisture

Qiang Zuo¹(), Haotian Yang², Yiying Yang³, Kai Lin⁴, Yunfei Li⁵, Yanli Wang¹()

^1.College of Forestry，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China
^2.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^3.Longyuan （Beijing） Solar Energy Technology Co. ，Ltd. ，Beijing 100000，China
^4.Ningxia Longyuan New Energy Co. ，LTD，Yinchuan 750002，China
^5.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 101408，China

Received:2025-03-13 Revised:2025-04-18 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-30
Contact: Yanli Wang

Abstract

Abstract:

The construction of large-scale desert photovoltaic power stations not only provides a new way for global energy transformation and carbon neutrality， but also opens up a new scheme for desertification control. However， the impact of its construction mode on soil physical properties （such as moisture， temperature and electrical conductivity） and the growth characteristics of sand fixation plants is still lack of comparative research in space. This study takes the large-scale new energy base in Tengger Desert as the research object， through field investigation， positioning monitoring and comparative analysis of the soil characteristics， plant growth status and biomass characteristics under， in front of and behind the photovoltaic panels in the ecological restoration area under the two photovoltaic construction modes （fixed adjustable mode and horizontal uniaxial tracking mode）. The results showed that the soil moisture in the fixed and adjustable ecological restoration area was significantly higher than that in the flat uniaxial ecological restoration area， while the soil moisture in the flat uniaxial ecological restoration area was higher than that in the fixed and adjustable ecological restoration area， and the soil temperature and conductivity in the fixed and adjustable photovoltaic ecological restoration area were higher than that in the flat uniaxial photovoltaic ecological restoration area， but the difference was not significant. The spatial heterogeneity analysis showed that there were significant differences in the effects of the two photovoltaic construction modes on soil properties. The soil moisture in the front （fixed and adjustable） and back （two modes） of the photovoltaic panel was significantly higher than that under the photovoltaic panel， while the conductivity in the under panel area was significantly higher than that in the front and back of the photovoltaic panel. The species diversity of the fixed and adjustable photovoltaic ecological restoration area is higher than that of the flat single axis photovoltaic ecological restoration area. The plant height， coverage， ground diameter， root length， aboveground biomass and underground biomass in the area before and after the photovoltaic panel were significantly higher than those in the area under the photovoltaic panel. Plant coverage， height， ground diameter， root length， aboveground biomass and underground biomass were significantly affected by soil moisture （P<0.05）. The construction of photovoltaic power station has significantly promoted the restoration of sand fixation vegetation by improving plant habitat. The fixed and adjustable mode is more conducive to the vegetation restoration in the area before and after the photovoltaic panel， but is not conducive to the vegetation restoration in the area under the photovoltaic panel. This study reveals the potential of desert photovoltaic power station in improving soil environment and promoting sand fixation plant diversity， and provides a theoretical basis for the scientific implementation of the "photovoltaic+sand control" mode.

Key words: desert photovoltaic power station, plant diversity, spatial distribution, vegetation restoration, soil moisture， temperature， and salinity

CLC Number:

Q946

Qiang Zuo, Haotian Yang, Yiying Yang, Kai Lin, Yunfei Li, Yanli Wang. The construction mode of desert photovoltaic facilities influences the growth characteristics of sand-fixing herbaceous plants through soil moisture[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(3): 291-301.

Figures/Tables 10

References 46

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植物特性	固定可调模式			平单轴追踪模式
植物特性	板前	板后	板下	板前	板后	板下
株高/cm	6.54±0.01^Aa	5.20±0.02^Ab	2.57±0.01^Ac	6.46±0.01^Aa	5.55±0.02^Ab	1.27±0.02^Bc
盖度/%	1.43±0.02^Ba	1.36±0.01^Aa	0.25±0.02^Ab	1.79±0.01^Aa	1.48±0.02^Ab	0.10±0.02^Bc
根长/cm	6.49±0.01^Aa	4.70±0.02^Ab	2.91±0.01^Ac	5.60±0.02^Ba	5.34±0.01^Aa	1.54±0.03^Bb
地径/mm	0.79±0.01^Aa	0.64±0.02^Ab	0.33±0.01^Ac	0.70±0.01^Aa	0.68±0.01^Aa	0.49±0.03^Bb
地上生物量/(g·m^-2)	24.13±0.01^Aa	17.08±0.02^Ab	3.44±0.01^Ac	14.64±0.02^Ba	12.55±0.02^Ba	0.89±0.03^Bb
地下生物量/(g·m^-2)	2.61±0.01^Aa	2.21±0.03^Bb	0.45±0.02^Bc	2.66±0.01^Aa	2.60±0.01^Aa	1.28±0.02^Ab

植物特性	固定可调模式			平单轴追踪模式
植物特性	板前	板后	板下	板前	板后	板下
株高/cm	6.54±0.01^Aa	5.20±0.02^Ab	2.57±0.01^Ac	6.46±0.01^Aa	5.55±0.02^Ab	1.27±0.02^Bc
盖度/%	1.43±0.02^Ba	1.36±0.01^Aa	0.25±0.02^Ab	1.79±0.01^Aa	1.48±0.02^Ab	0.10±0.02^Bc
根长/cm	6.49±0.01^Aa	4.70±0.02^Ab	2.91±0.01^Ac	5.60±0.02^Ba	5.34±0.01^Aa	1.54±0.03^Bb
地径/mm	0.79±0.01^Aa	0.64±0.02^Ab	0.33±0.01^Ac	0.70±0.01^Aa	0.68±0.01^Aa	0.49±0.03^Bb
地上生物量/(g·m^-2)	24.13±0.01^Aa	17.08±0.02^Ab	3.44±0.01^Ac	14.64±0.02^Ba	12.55±0.02^Ba	0.89±0.03^Bb
地下生物量/(g·m^-2)	2.61±0.01^Aa	2.21±0.03^Bb	0.45±0.02^Bc	2.66±0.01^Aa	2.60±0.01^Aa	1.28±0.02^Ab

指数	固定可调生态修复区			平单轴生态修复区
指数	板前	板后	板下	板前	板后	板下
总物种数	4.65±0.55^Aa	4.85±0.45^Aa	3.12±0.13^Ab	3.65±0.25^Ba	2.85±0.15^Bb	1.89±0.06^Bc
Simpson指数	0.18±0.01^Ab	0.13±0.01^Ab	0.33±0.01^a	0.10±0.01^Bb	0.10±0.01^Ab	0.16±0.02^Ba
Shannon-Wiener指数	0.39±0.02^Ab	0.29±0.01^Ac	0.50±0.0^Aa	0.20±0.01^Bb	0.15±0.01^Bc	0.25±0.01^Ba
Pielou 指数	0.22±0.01^Ab	0.18±0.01^Ab	0.36±0.01^Aa	0.11±0.01^Bb	0.09±0.01^Bb	0.18±0.01^Ba

指数	固定可调生态修复区			平单轴生态修复区
指数	板前	板后	板下	板前	板后	板下
总物种数	4.65±0.55^Aa	4.85±0.45^Aa	3.12±0.13^Ab	3.65±0.25^Ba	2.85±0.15^Bb	1.89±0.06^Bc
Simpson指数	0.18±0.01^Ab	0.13±0.01^Ab	0.33±0.01^a	0.10±0.01^Bb	0.10±0.01^Ab	0.16±0.02^Ba
Shannon-Wiener指数	0.39±0.02^Ab	0.29±0.01^Ac	0.50±0.0^Aa	0.20±0.01^Bb	0.15±0.01^Bc	0.25±0.01^Ba
Pielou 指数	0.22±0.01^Ab	0.18±0.01^Ab	0.36±0.01^Aa	0.11±0.01^Bb	0.09±0.01^Bb	0.18±0.01^Ba

科	种	固定可调模式			平单轴追踪模式
科	种	板前	板后	板下	板前	板后	板下
藜科	沙蓬	83.01	91.13	82.38	92.21	93.73	85.78
	虫实	5.12	2.72	—	6.38	4.18	14.22
	刺沙蓬	—	1.01	1.56	0.99	—	—
苋科	雾冰藜	12.04	5.54	16.58	0.32	1.60	—
禾本科	沙芦草	—	9.70	—	—	—	—
紫草科	鹤虱	0.27	—	—	—	—	—

The construction mode of desert photovoltaic facilities influences the growth characteristics of sand-fixing herbaceous plants through soil moisture

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植物种	固定可调模式/%						平单轴追踪模式/%
	板前		板后		板下		板前		板后		板下
	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F
沙蓬	92.8	33.3	78.1	33.3	88.1	31.5	97.0	100	94.1	100	80.8	33.3
虫实	3.7	11.1	1.0	0.9	—	—	2.2	33.3	4.9	33.3	19.2	5.6
刺沙蓬	3.2	2.3	1.3	1.4	2.5	0.5	0.5	11.1	—	—	—	—
雾冰藜	—	—	8.4	24.1	9.4	2.3	0.2	5.6	1.0	16.7	—	—
沙芦草	—	—	11.1	20.4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
鹤虱	0.3	1.9	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

植物种	固定可调模式/%						平单轴追踪模式/%
	板前		板后		板下		板前		板后		板下
	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F
沙蓬	92.8	33.3	78.1	33.3	88.1	31.5	97.0	100	94.1	100	80.8	33.3
虫实	3.7	11.1	1.0	0.9	—	—	2.2	33.3	4.9	33.3	19.2	5.6
刺沙蓬	3.2	2.3	1.3	1.4	2.5	0.5	0.5	11.1	—	—	—	—
雾冰藜	—	—	8.4	24.1	9.4	2.3	0.2	5.6	1.0	16.7	—	—
沙芦草	—	—	11.1	20.4	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
鹤虱	0.3	1.9	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—