干旱胁迫对唐古特白刺(Nitrariatangutorum)种子吸胀萌发和幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00418

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以生长在荒漠地区的唐古特白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)种子为材料,采用PEG-6000模拟干旱条件,研究了6种渗透势(-0.05、-0.148、-0.295、-0.490、-0.734、-1.032 MPa)下种子吸水特性、萌发特性和幼苗生长特性.结果显示:唐古特白刺吸水速度快,效率高,3 h吸水量随水势的降低而增高;随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧,唐古特白刺种子的萌发率、发芽指数、活力指数降低,萌发起始天数推迟,初生芽高度和幼苗生长量表现出降低的趋势,而幼苗干重、根干重和根冠比均呈先升后降的趋势,表明唐古特白刺种子在适当的干旱胁迫下可以提高幼苗的抗旱性,有利于培育壮苗;唐古特白刺种子萌发对水势变化既敏感又抗旱,种子能够萌发的最低渗透势阈值为-0.490 MPa;因干旱胁迫未能萌发的种子复水后萌发率较高.唐古特白刺种子萌发和幼苗生长对干旱胁迫的响应特征对幼苗的成功定植和避旱具有重要生态学意义,但在人工栽培时保证土壤墒情应是保障建植成功的关键措施.

关键词: 唐古特白刺(Nitraria tangutorum), 吸水速率, 萌发率, 干旱胁迫

Abstract: Taking seeds of Nitraria tangutorum that grows in the desert region as materials, we investigated the characteristics of seed water-absorbing, germination and seedling growth under different osmotic potential conditions (-0.05, -0.148, -0.295, -0.490, -0.734, -1.032 MPa) by PEG-6 000 being adopted as simulant drought. Results showed that the seeds of N. tangutorum had a high water absorption speed and high efficiency, and quantity of 3 h water absorption increased with the decreasing of water potential. Since the degree of drought was intensified, germination rate, germination index, vigor index of N. tangutorum decreased and starting days of germination delayed. Height of the primary buds and quantity of seedling growth showed a decrease trend, while dry weight, root dry weight and root cap ratio of seedling showed a trend of rise after descending. Tthe appropriate drought stress could improve the drought resistance of the seedling of N. tangutorum, and was also conducive to cultivate strong seedling. Germination of N. tangutorum was sensitive and drought-resistible to changes of water, and the lowest osmotic potential for seed germination was -0.490 MPa. Because of drought stress, seeds of failing to germinate had a high germination rate after rehydration. Our results suggested that the responses to drought stresses of the seeds from species played an essentially ecological role in the seedling establishment and population regeneration. However, the key step to ensure the successful planting was to guarantee the soil moisture in the course of artificial cultivation.

Key words: Nitraria tangutorum, water absorption rate, germination rate, drought stress

中图分类号:

Q948.11

罗光宏, 王进, 颜霞, 陈能海, 张勇. 干旱胁迫对唐古特白刺(Nitrariatangutorum)种子吸胀萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2014, 34(6): 1537-1543.

Luo Guanghong, Wang Jin, Yan Xia, Chen Nenghai, Zhang Yong. Effect of Drought Stress on Imbibition, Germination and Seedling Growth of Nitraria tangutorum[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2014, 34(6): 1537-1543.

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