干旱胁迫对不同株型玉米大喇叭口期生长的影响

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00150

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

干旱胁迫条件下,在大喇叭口期对2种株型玉米自交系(紧凑株型的廊黄及昌7-2和平展株型的TS141)的形态、生理生化特性进行了研究。结果表明: (1)干旱胁迫导致3个自交系的叶夹角、叶长、叶宽和株高趋于减小,叶向值增大；与廊黄及昌7-2相比,干旱胁迫后, TS141的叶夹角、叶长、叶宽及株高有较大的降低幅度,叶向值有较小的增加幅度。(2)干旱胁迫处理后,3个自交系的地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、鲜干比、根长和根数都有不同程度的下降；根冠比加大；与TS141相比,廊黄及昌7-2变化的幅度较小；紧凑株型玉米自交系在干旱胁迫下仍能保持较正常的根系形态。(3)干旱胁迫后,3个自交系的相对电导率、丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量、保护酶活性都有不同程度的升高,相对电导率及丙二醛含量在TS141中的上升幅度大于廊黄和昌7-2,而脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量以及保护酶活性在廊黄和昌7-2中上升的幅度大于TS141。(4)干旱胁迫后,3个自交系的雌、雄穗发育都受到不同程度的影响,但廊黄及昌7-2受到的影响小于TS141,花丝数量远远多于TS141。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 玉米, 株型, 大喇叭口期, 生长

Abstract:

Study was made on the morphology and the physiological-biochemical characteristics of two plant types that were compact type-Langhuang and Chang 7-2 and flat type-TS141 in the bell-mouthed period of maize under drought stress. The results showed that: (1)Drought stress reduced the leaf angle, leaf length,leaf width and plant height of the three maize inbred lines and increased the leaf orientation value. The leaf angle, leaf length,leaf width and plant height of the type-TS141 had greater reduction and leaf orientation value had smaller increase after drought stress, compared with the compact type-Langhuang and Chang 7-2. (2)The shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, fresh/dry ratio of weight, root length, and number of roots decreased, and root-shoot ratio increased with different degree in the three maize inbred lines after drought stress; The compact type-Langhuang and Chang 7-2 had smaller changes compared with the flat type-TS141. In addition, the compact type-Langhuang and Chang 7-2 could still keep normal root morphology under drought stress. (3) After drought stress, leaves relative conductivity, malondialdehyde content, proline concent, soluble sugar content, protective enzyme activities increased with different degree in the three maize inbred lines. Leaves relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content had smaller change in Langhuang and Chang7-2 than in TS141. Proline concent,soluble sugar content and protective enzyme activities had larger change in Langhuang and Chang 7-2 than in TS141. (4) The development of male and female spike were subject to the influence of different degree in the three maize inbred lines under drought stress, but the compact type-Langhuang and Chang 7-2 were less influenced than flat type-TS141, and filaments quantity was much more than TS141.

Key words: drought stress, maize, plant type, bell-mouthed period, growth

中图分类号:

S513

彭云玲, 赵小强, 任续伟, 李健英. 干旱胁迫对不同株型玉米大喇叭口期生长的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2013, 33(4): 1064-1070.

PENG Yun-ling, ZHAO Xiao-qiang, REN Xu-wei, LI Jian-ying. Effect of Drought Stress on Growth of Different Plant Type Maize (Zea mays) in the Bell-mouthed Period[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2013, 33(4): 1064-1070.

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