库布齐沙漠110 MW光伏基地次生风沙危害的动力学机制

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00142

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解释光伏设施干扰下沙质地表侵蚀堆积的动力机制，在库布齐沙漠110 MW光伏电站选取2个断面，利用MetOne 014A/024A型自动风速仪，同步观测了光伏板前后不同位置20、50、100、200 cm高度的1 min平均风速，分析了光伏板干扰下流场格局变异及其与地表蚀积态势的关系。结果表明：（1）光伏设施强烈干扰流场格局，产生流场分异区：板下集流加速区、板前板后遇阻减速区、板面抬升区和板间恢复区，但光伏基地上风向边缘区域与腹地的流场分布格局存在显著差异；（2）空间流场特征区发育程度所指示的动力分布与地面侵蚀堆积态势基本对应；（3）植被可有效增大地面粗糙度，降低0~50 cm近地表过境风速，减缓地表蚀积过程的发生与加剧；（4）光伏板下的集流加速和板前板后的反向涡旋，是塑造地表风蚀沟（坑）及积沙带发育的主要动力。

关键词: 光伏基地, 次生风沙危害, 风速廓线, 流场格局分异, 侵蚀堆积态势

Abstract: In order to explain the dynamic mechanism of sand erosion and accumulation of sandy surface under the interference of photovoltaic facilities, two cross sections were set in the 110 MW photovoltaic Plant located in the Hopq Desert. MetOne 014A/024A 8 channel anemometer (with CR200X data collection instrument) were used, and the average wind speed of four heights (20 cm, 50 cm, 100 cm, 200 cm) around the photovoltaic panel were observed simultaneously. The variations of wind velocity around the photovoltaic panel were analysed. Results showed that:(1) The photovoltaic facilities resulted in the variations of flow field on both sides of the photovoltaic panels and generated four secondary flow field zones, namely, the conflux accelerating speed-up zone under the panels, the resistance decelerating zone in front and back of the panels, the uplift zone above the panels and the recovery area between the plates; Moreover, there were significant differences in the flow field pattern between the upwind edge region and the area within the photovoltaic plants. (2) The dynamical distribution indicated by develop degree of the flow field pattern was identical with the surface erosion and accumulation situation basically. (3)Vegetation can increase the surface roughness effectively, and reduce the transit speed below 50 cm near surface, and prevent the occurrence and aggravation of the sand erosion. (4) The conflux accelerating zone under the panels and the reverse vortex around the panels were the main dynamic mechanisms of shaping wind erosion ditches (PITS) and sand accumulation belts, respectively.

Key words: photovoltaic plant, secondary blown sand disaster, wind profile, flow field pattern, erosion and deposition situation

中图分类号:

X169

郭彩贇, 韩致文, 李爱敏, 钟帅. 库布齐沙漠110 MW光伏基地次生风沙危害的动力学机制[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(2): 225-232.

Guo Caiyun, Han Zhiwen, Li Aimin, Zhong Shuai. Dynamic Mechanism Research on the Secondary Blown Sand Disaster in the 110 MW Photovoltaic Arrays of the Hobq Desert[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2018, 38(2): 225-232.

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