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中国沙漠 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 277-287.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00051

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基于地下水位与土壤含水量的地下水蒸散发估算

李琳1,2(), 刘鹄1(), 孙程鹏1,2, 赵文智1   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 临泽内陆河流域研究站/内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-17 修回日期:2022-03-23 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2023-01-09
  • 通讯作者: 刘鹄
  • 作者简介:刘鹄(E-mail: lhayz@lzb.ac.cn
    李琳(1995—),女,山东淄博人,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区生态水文方面的研究。E-mail: lilin19@nieer.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类,XDA2003010102);国家自然科学基金项目(42171117)

Groundwater evapotranspiration estimation based on soil moisture and water table measurements

Lin Li1,2(), Hu Liu1(), Chengpeng Sun1,2, Wenzhi Zhao1   

  1. 1.Linze Inland River Basin Research Station / Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology of Inland River Basin,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2022-02-17 Revised:2022-03-23 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2023-01-09
  • Contact: Hu Liu

摘要:

地下水蒸散发(Groundwater evapotranspiration, ETg)是地下水浅埋环境中垂向水文循环的重要组分,是干旱区地下水主要的自然排泄方式(>70%)。准确估算ETg对科学管理干旱区农业与水资源、合理保护和修复地下水依赖型植被意义重大。本文基于地下水位和土壤水分波动方法估算了甘肃临泽县锁龙潭湿地附近的沙枣(Elaeagnus angustifolia)林2017—2018年生长季(4月15日至10月15日)的ETg。结果表明:(1)2017、2018年生长季ETg分别为275、511 mm,在实际蒸散发(ETa)中分别占73%、87%;其中7—8月约占整个生长季ETg的48.2%、48.4%,大致与地下水位变化及植被生长过程同期。(2)ETg及其占总蒸散发的比例与潜在蒸散发、土壤储水量、地下水位正相关(P<0.05),这3个要素对ETg的方差解释率均较高(2017年48%、21%、31%,2018年24%、24%、52%)。(3)数据驱动方法在荒漠绿洲过渡带地下水浅埋环境ETg量化评估中虽然可行,但时间分辨率较低,融合机制模型的数据驱动方法是未来提高ETg估算精度的重要思路。

关键词: 地下水蒸散发, 地下水位波动法, 土壤水分, 数据驱动方法, 西北干旱区

Abstract:

As one of the most important components of the vertical hydrological cycle in shallow groundwater environments and the major groundwater drainage mode naturally (>70%), the accurate estimation of groundwater evapotranspiration (ETg) is of great significance for the management of agriculture and water resources, reasonable protection and restoration of groundwater dependent vegetation in arid areas. Based on the water table and soil moisture fluctuation methods, ETg of Elaeagnus angustifolia. near Suolongtan Wetland in Linze County, Gansu Province during the 2017-2018 growing season (From April 15 to October 15) was estimated. The results showed that: (1) ETg was 275 mm and 511 mm in 2017 and 2018, accounting for 73% and 87% of actual evapotranspiration (ETg/ETa). Amount during July and August accounted for 48.2% and 48.4% of the total ETg in the whole growing season, which roughly coincided with the dynamics of groundwater depth and vegetation growth process. (2) ETg and its proportion in ETa are positively correlated with potential evapotranspiration, soil water storage and groundwater depth (P<0.05), the explained variances of the ETg by the three different factors are 48%, 21%, and 31% in 2017, and 24%, 24%, and 52% in 2018. (3) Data-driven method is feasible in the ETg quantitative evaluation of shallow groundwater environments in the desert oasis transition zone, but with relatively low temporal resolution, while data-driven method with mechanism modeling maybe a potential idea to improve the accuracy and resolution of ETg estimation in the study area.

Key words: groundwater evapotranspiration, water table fluctuations, soil moisture, data-driven method, arid region of northwest China

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