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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 275-283.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00234

• • 上一篇    

从固体潮角度再思考利用地下水位波动计算蒸散发量

赵明1,2(), 刘家琪1,2, 刘威辰1,2, 钟梦婷1,2, 黄佑恒1,2   

  1. 1.长安大学 a土地工程学院,陕西省土地整治重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054
    2.长安大学 a土地工程学院,旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-20 修回日期:2025-09-22 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-11
  • 作者简介:赵明(1992—),男,河南商丘人,博士,副教授,主要从事旱区生态水文过程研究。E-mail:zm199231@chd.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42407087);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2022M720535);陕西省创新能力支撑计划创新团队项目(2024RS-CXTD-55);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X202410710600)

Rethinking the rationality of evapotranspiration calculated by using water table fluctuation from the angle of earth tides

Ming Zhao1,2(), Jiaqi Liu1,2, Weichen Liu1,2, Mengting Zhong1,2, Youheng Huang1,2   

  1. 1.School of Land Engineering /, Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054 China
    2.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Reclamation Engineering /, Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054 China
    3.MOE Key Laboratory of Underground Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Regions, Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054 China
  • Received:2025-04-20 Revised:2025-09-22 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-11

摘要:

在水文地质研究中,为便捷估算蒸散发量,常采用基于日尺度地下水位波动特征的White法,该方法以植物耗水引发的水位变化为前提。然而,White法依赖的“四大假设条件”在实际应用中存在明显局限性。为评估该方法的合理性,本研究通过分析不同场址的地下水位动态数据,辨析水位波动的内在驱动机制。结果表明:无论裸地还是植被覆盖条件下,地下水位均呈现日尺度周期性波动,说明将水位变化单纯归因于植被耗水缺乏充分依据。进一步分析显示,地下水位波动的周期与固体潮周期一致,指示着地下水位波动受地月引力的驱动。因此,采用White法基于地下水位波动估算蒸散发量存在显著不确定性。本研究从固体潮角度出发,对White法的适用性提出质疑,旨在为相关领域学者提供批判性参考,推动该方法的进一步完善。

关键词: 地下水位波动, White法, 固体潮, 地月引力, 蒸散发

Abstract:

In hydrogeological studies, the White method, which relies on diurnal groundwater level fluctuations, is commonly used for convenient estimation of evapotranspiration. This method presupposes that such fluctuations result primarily from plant water uptake. However, the “four fundamental assumptions” underlying the White method exhibit significant limitations in practical applications. To evaluate the rationality of this approach, this study analyzes groundwater level dynamics from multiple sites to elucidate the intrinsic drivers of water level fluctuations. The results indicate that diurnal periodic fluctuations occur under both bare soil and vegetated conditions, suggesting that attributing water level changes solely to plant water use lacks sufficient basis. Further analysis reveals that the periodicity of groundwater fluctuations aligns with that of Earth tides, indicating the influence of Earth-Moon gravitational forces. Consequently, estimating evapotranspiration using the White method based on groundwater fluctuations entails considerable uncertainty. By questioning the applicability of the White method from the perspective of Earth tides, this study aims to provide critical insights for researchers in related fields and promote further refinement of the methodology.

Key words: water table fluctuation, White method, earth tides, earth-moon gravity, evapotranspiration

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