关键词: 宁夏, 特强沙尘暴, 气候背景, 成灾规律, 区划

Abstract: The movement and characteristics of sand storms are analyzed by using the historical meteorological data along with sand storm disaster in Ningxia region.The results show that times of severe sand storms in Ningxia have been increasing in recent years.Following factors are the climatic background resulting in severe sand storms:continuous drought in seasons prior to sand storms,soil water deficiency;bitter cold winter before sand storms,deeper frozen earth,loose surface soil after thawing;large longitudinal grads of East-Asia circulation,and strong wind resulting from the severe southern cold air.The damage of sand storms in Ningxia became severer and severer in recent years,and the characteristics of the disaster are spatially heterogeneous.Strong wind dominantly characterizes sand storms in the irrigated regions of north Ningxia;Wind erosion,sand encroachment strong wind,and casualties due to low visibility are typical features in the middle drought belt of Ningxia;Catastrophes of other irrigated regions are mainly wind frost.Sand storm disasters of Ningxia are spatially regionalized according to their features.

Key words: Ningxia, severe sandstorm, climatic background, characteristics of disaster forming, regionalization