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中国沙漠 ›› 2009, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1186-1195.

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

区域扬沙强度与环流动力条件相关性的遥感分析

周坚华1*, Y F ZHOU 2, 周 杰1   

  1. 1.华东师范大学 资源与环境学院, 上海 200062; 2.Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-2220, USA
  • 收稿日期:2008-05-08 修回日期:2008-07-28 出版日期:2009-11-20 发布日期:2009-11-20

Relativity between Regional Dust-blowing Intensity and Circulation Dynamical Condition by Remote Sensing Analysis

ZHOU Jian-hua1, ZHOU Yi-fan2, ZHOU Jie1   

  1. 1.College of Resources and Environment, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; 2.Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-2220, USA
  • Received:2008-05-08 Revised:2008-07-28 Online:2009-11-20 Published:2009-11-20

摘要: 大气环流动力条件是沙尘暴发生、发展的重要影响因素之一。提出了一种新的沙尘暴分析预测模式,它以TOMS-EP卫星逐日大气气溶胶指数(Aerosol Index)数据提取区域气溶胶指数积分强度和以西风急流表征的大气环流动力条件,通过给出两者的相关性,来实现分析预测沙尘暴的目的。与此前有关沙尘暴预报的研究相比,有如下进展:①提出和试验了通过TOMS-EP数据提取大气环流动力条件的方法;②修正了区域气溶胶指数积分强度的定义和改善其提取精度;③提出和试验了表现扬沙强度的气溶胶指数积分强度与环流大气环流动力条件之间较稳定的统计相关形式,和试验分析了季节对这种相关关系的影响;④试验和分析了沙尘暴起尘的环流动力条件。本研究提出的模式/方法有可能为分析预报沙尘暴的发生时间和强度提供新的参考数据。

关键词: 沙尘暴, 西风急流, 动力条件, 积分强度

Abstract: The Dynamical condition of the atmospheric circulation is one of the most important influential factors for the occurrence and development of a dust storm. A new model of analyzing and forecasting dust storm is brought forward in this paper. In this model, the Dynamical condition of the circulation is indicated by the effect of the subtropical jet stream to resources of dust. The ways to extract and calculate the effect of the subtropical jet stream and the area integral intensity of dust from daily aerosol index of TOMS-EP data have been proposed, and then the relativity between the area integral intensity of dust and the Dynamical condition of the circulation has been developed too. According to the experiment consulted in this paper, the precision to extract the area integral intensity of dust (so called I) can be improved through revising the definition of I and mending its extracting method. According to the comparison among the relativity between I and the central wind velocity of the jet stream (so called V), the relativity between I and the distance from a source of dust to the center of the jet stream (so called D), and the relativity between I and the ratio of V to D (so called V/D), there is a remarkable correlation between I and V/D. According to the comparison of the relativities between I and V/D getting from several sampling plots the correlation is stable and is not influenced by the differences of such circumstances as latitude, scale and so on among those sampling plots. According to the comparison of the relativities between I and V/D in the same sampling plot and under the same dynamical condition of circulation but different seasons, I in the wet seasons is only 20% of that in the dry seasons. Moreover, there are discussions about how to forecast the occurrence of a gusty powerful dust storm by the gradient of the ratio of D/V during a time cycle and how to improve the precision of forecasting a mildly-intensifying sandstorm through taking the gradient as a supplement to the forecasting way under regularly monitoring air mass. Compared with previous researches of forecasting dust storm, there are several breakthroughs in this paper: ①the method to extract the indicators of dynamical condition of the circulation of the atmosphere from TOMS-EP data is brought forward and experimented on; ②the definition of area integral intensity of dust is revised so that the precision of extracting it can be improved; ③the relativity between the area integral intensity of dust and dynamical condition of the circulation is brought forward and experimented on while the influence of seasons on this relativity is also analyzed; ④the dynamical condition of the circulation to cause a dust storm is analyzed. The model/method brought forward in this paper can be applied to the analysis and forecast of the occurring time and intensity of a dust storm.

Key words: dust storm, dynamic condition, area integral intensity

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