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中国沙漠 ›› 2010, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 461-466.

• 水文与水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

博弈理论在水资源管理中的应用——以黑河流域为例

张 勃, 吕永清, 张耀宗, 康淑媛   

  1. 西北师范大学 地理与环境学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2009-08-23 修回日期:2009-09-12 出版日期:2010-03-20 发布日期:2010-03-20

Game Theory in the Management of Water Resources:A Case Study of the Heihe River Basin

ZHANG Bo, L Yong-qing, ZHANG Yao-zong, KANG Shu-yuan   

  1. College of Geographical and Environmental Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Received:2009-08-23 Revised:2009-09-12 Online:2010-03-20 Published:2010-03-20

摘要: 区域的地理差异使得水资源在分布上时空不均,造成水资源供给的有限性;用水主体的开发利用和效率低下使得水资源呈现过量需求,造成不必要的浪费,此两者成为了水问题产生的主要原因。博弈理论应用的目的就是通过博弈分析寻找主体之间的博弈均衡点,实现博弈主体之间的效率与利益的最大化,选出最优策略组合。本文将博弈理论应用于水问题突出的黑河流域,通过对中游地区、下游地区和流域管理局3个主体之间的博弈分析得出流域管理局的介入和中游采取合作态度成为了解决水问题实现流域可持续利用的可行性策略。为了使中游地区采取合作态度,政府可以通过制定政策与奖惩措施来控制中游地区的行为,实现流域内部的生态效益与经济效益最大化,达到区域间的合作共赢。

关键词: 水资源管理, 博弈论, 黑河流域

Abstract: Regional geographical differences make water resources be in uneven distribution in time and space, resulting in a limited supply of water resources; the development and utilization of main water body and the use inefficiency arouse excessive demands, resulting in unnecessary waste of water. The purpose of the application of game theory is that through the analysis of the game to find the main point of balance between objects, and achieve the maximization between the interests and efficiency, and elect the best combination of strategies. This article applies game theory to highlight the problem of water in the Heihe River Basin. Game analysis on the three objects—the middle reaches, the lower reaches, and the river basin authority, suggests that the feasible strategy for solving confliction problem and achieving sustainable use of water use is to realize the supervision of the river basin authority and the cooperation of the middle river reaches with the other.

Key words: water resource management, game theory, Heihe River Basin

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