绿洲化过程中农田土壤粒径分布性质变化

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 绿洲化与荒漠化同为干旱区基本地理过程,揭示这些过程中土壤环境变异特点成为干旱区环境研究中的热点。本研究从绿洲化视角出发,以近年来绿洲扩张进程明显、常年受风蚀影响严重的塔里木盆地南缘策勒绿洲为研究区,着重探讨绿洲化过程中主要土地利用方式——农田在4种典型不同利用强度下,其表层土壤粒径分布（soil particle size distribution,简称PSD）特性的变化特征,同时对土壤有机质等7项养分指标变化也进行分析。土壤PSD体积分形维数分析结果表明,不同利用强度农田土壤PSD存在显著性差异,位于绿洲内部的传统耕作农田土壤PSD分维值显著位于最高水平;而位于荒漠-绿洲交错带垦殖农田,其土壤PSD变化受肥力投入等人为因素影响明显,其中无肥力投入的临时性垦殖农田土壤PSD甚至低于自然覆被样地而显著位于最低水平。而各农田间土壤养分指标也总体上存在显著性差异,且变化趋势同PSD相似,其中土壤有机质等5项指标同PSD之间存在显著正相关,同时基于各养分指标得出的综合指数也同土壤PSD之间存在显著正相关,反映出绿洲化过程中土壤PSD研究的明确生态意义。

关键词: 绿洲化, 农田, 土壤粒径分布, 分维, 策勒

Abstract: Oasification and desertification are the basic geographical processes in arid area. The Cele oasis in Xinjiang, in which oasis expanded obviously in recent years and serious wind erosion affected perennially, was selected as study area to study the regional variations of soil particle distribution (PSD) in farmland with four typical utilization intensities. Meantime, the seven soil nutrient properties such as organic matter were analyzed. The analysis of volume fractal dimension of soil PSD indicated that soil PSD was significant different between farmlands with different utilization intensities. The soil PSD of farmland located on oasis interior was significantly in the highest level, and because the soil PSD of farmland located on desert-oasis ecotone was obviously affected by human factors such as the manure input etc, the soil PSD of farmland without manure input was in the lowest level and even lower than plots covered with nature plant. The soil nutrient properties were also significant different between farmlands, and their changes trend were similar with the PSD. The five soil properties were significantly positively correlated with PSD, and the synthesis index calculated from soil nutrient properties were also significantly positively correlated with PSD. This showed that studying soil PSD during oasification had a specific meaning.

Key words: oasification, soil particle distribution, fractal dimension, farmland, Cele

中图分类号:

S152.3

桂东伟;;雷加强;曾凡江;李开封;;代述勇. 绿洲化过程中农田土壤粒径分布性质变化[J]. 中国沙漠, 2010, 30(6): 1354-1361.

GUI Dong-wei;;LEI Jia-qiang;ZENG Fan-jiang;LI Kai-feng;;DAI Shu-yong. Changes of Farmland Soil Particle in Process of Oasification[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2010, 30(6): 1354-1361.

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