塔干柽柳的叶绿素荧光对沙尘暴天气的响应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 塔干柽柳(Tamarix taklamakanensis)是塔里木沙漠公路防护林主要树种之一,其光合作用和生长受到近年来频发沙尘暴的影响,这直接影响到沙漠公路的安全,为了确定这一影响的程度,利用叶绿素荧光测定仪PAM-2100,于2009年7、8月间,在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地测定了典型沙尘暴前后塔干柽柳的叶绿素荧光参数的日变化,并计算沙尘暴前后塔干柽柳对光合能量的吸收和耗散比例,以此确定其能量利用策略的变化。结果表明,8月沙漠腹地正常天气下,柽柳以3种形式:Y(Ⅱ),Y(NO)和Y(NPQ)吸收利用散失的能量比例为40%∶20%∶40%,沙尘暴次日3者的比例为65%∶15%∶20%,沙尘暴使得吸收能量的比例增加,提高了吸收利用的光能；利用NPQ机制主动耗散多余能量增加耗散能量的比例,防止光合机构损伤；基本的结构性散失能量的比例稍稍下降,但基本保持稳定。沙尘暴可能造成物理上的破坏,但没有影响其光合机构的健康。降低吸收能量比例、保持较高NPQ机制散失能量以及维持结构性散失能量比例的相对稳定,是塔干柽柳耗散多余光能的重要能量调控手段,是长期适应沙漠腹地环境的结果。

关键词: 塔克拉玛干沙漠, 塔干柽柳, 沙尘暴, 叶绿素荧光, 能量耗散策略

Abstract: In recent years, more and more sandstorms occurred in Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China, which may seriously affect photosynthetic performance of Tamarix taklamakanensiss, one of the main shelterbelt plants in Tarim Desert Highway shelterbelt. To confirm the impact of sandstorm to T. taklamakanensiss, diurnal variations of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were investigated by PAM-2100 (Walz, German) in August, 2009 and by which to determine the energy utilization changes of T. taklamakanensiss under normal and sandstorm weather conditions. By comparison of the parameters before and after a moderate sandstorm, the energy dissipation proportion, Y(Ⅱ)∶Y(NO)∶Y(NPQ)=40%∶20%∶40% under a normal weather condition, turned to 65%:15%:20% in the second day after the moderate sandstorm. The increase of energy absorbed enhanced the photosynthetic capacity on the second day after a moderate sandstorm. The climb of dissipation energy by NPQ mechanism protected photochemical apparatus. Y(NO) decreased slightly, which reflected the fraction of energy that was passively dissipated in form of heat and fluorescence, mainly due to closed PS Ⅱ reaction centers. Physical scathing brings no damages to the photosynthetic apparatus of T. taklamakanensiss. Decreasing energy absorption, keeping higher energy dissipation fraction and stabilizing structural dissipation proportion were main response of T. taklamakanensiss, which was a result of long living adaptation to atrocious weather environment in the Taklimakan Desert.

Key words: Taklimakan Desert, Tamarix taklamakanensiss, sandstorm, chlorophyll fluorescence, energy dissipation strategy

中图分类号:

Q945

韩炜, 曹玲, 海米提·依米提, 徐新文. 塔干柽柳的叶绿素荧光对沙尘暴天气的响应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2012, 32(1): 86-91.

HAN Wei, CAO Ling, HIMIT Yimiti, XU Xin-wen. Response of Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Tamarix taklamakanensis to Sandstorm[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2012, 32(1): 86-91.

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