不同光合型植物气体交换参数与环境因子的关系

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以昆仑山前山低山群自然生长的塔里木沙拐枣(Calligonum roborovskii)和驼绒藜(Ceratoides latens)为研究对象,通过观测分析,探讨了干旱区山地生态系统不同光合型植物气体交换参数特征及其对环境因子的响应,结果如下:①塔里木沙拐枣光合速率、蒸腾速率不同月份变化不明显,对海拔高度升高的响应更积极,驼绒藜光合速率、蒸腾速率呈下降趋势,对海拔高度变化的响应不明显；②两种植物午间光合速率下降归因于叶片光合酶活性下降,气孔调节作用不明显；③塔里木沙拐枣光合速率主要受光合有效辐射强度和温度影响,蒸腾速率与饱和水汽压差负相关性不明显,驼绒藜气体交换参数与环境因子相关性不明显；④水分条件改善是促使塔里木沙拐枣向高海拔迁移的主要因素,温度提高有利于其良好生长。

关键词: 气体交换, 海拔梯度, 光合型, 环境因子

Abstract: To study relationship between plant gas exchange parameters and environmental factors, Ceratoides latens (C3) and Calligonum roborovskii (C4) were taken as the research object. The purpose of our research was as follows: (1) to analyse the diurnal variation characteristics of photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and stamatol conductance, as well as their responses to altitude elevation, (2) to compartmentalize adjustment types of photosynthetic "noon-break", (3) to detect the seasonal variation of photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, as well as their response to altitude elevating, and (4) to compare the size order of plant water use efficiency and leaves’ δ¹³C value. Result showed: (1) The higher the altitude was, the more the photosynthetic rate of Calligonum roborovskii was, monthly variation of photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Calligonum roborovskii were not significant, while the response of diurnal and monthly variation of Ceratoides latens to different altitude was not so significant as Calligonum roborovskii; (2) Photosynthetic rate "noon-break" of Calligonum roborovskii and C.latens was caused by assimilation decline of enzyme system, while not by "stamatol limitation factors"; (3) Photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Calligonum roborovskii were significantly affected by photosynthetic active radiation (PARi) and CO2 concentration, and the association of photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Ceratoides latens with environmental factors was not significant; and (4) improvement of water condition was the main factor that promote Calligonum roborovskii migrating to higher altitude, and temperature increase helps the Calligonum roborovskii to grow well.

Key words: gas exchange, altitude elevation, photosynthetic type, environmental factor

中图分类号:

Q945

杨尚功, 李向义, 雷加强, 朱军涛. 不同光合型植物气体交换参数与环境因子的关系[J]. 中国沙漠, 2012, 32(1): 92-99.

YANG Shang-gong, LI Xiang-yi, LEI Jia-qiang, ZHU Jun-tao. Relationship between Environmental Factors and Gas Exchange Parameters of Different Photosynthetic Type Plants[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2012, 32(1): 92-99.

参考文献

[1]Ehleringer J R,Sage R F,Flanagan L B,et al.Climate change and the evolution of C4 photosynthesis[J].Trends in Ecology & Evolution,1991,6(3):95-99.

[2]Chinthapalli B,Murmu J,Raghavendra A S.Dramatic difference in the responses of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase to temperature in leaves of C3 and C4 plants[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2003,54:707-714.

[3]Franks J,Farquhar G D.A relationship between humidity response,growth form and photosynthetic operating point in C3 plants[J].Plant,Cell and Environment,1999,22:1337-1349.

[4]Sage R F.The evolution of C4 photosynthesis[J].New Phytologist,2004,161:341-370.

[5]Huxman T E,Monson R K.Stomatal responses of C3,C3-C4 and C4 Flaveria species to light and intercellular CO2 concentration: implications for the evolution of stomatal behaviour[J].Plant,Cell and Environment,2003,26:313-322.

[6]邓雄,李小明,张希明,等.4种荒漠植物气体交换特征研究[J].植物生态学报,2002,26(5):605-612.

[7]Gong J R,Zhao A F,Huang Y M,et al.Water relation,gas exchange,photochemical efficiency,and peroxidative stress of four plant species in the Heihe drainage basin of northern China[J].Photosynthetica,2006,44(3):355-364.

[8]李向义,张希明,何兴元,等.沙漠绿洲过渡带四种多年生植物水分关系特征[J].生态学报,2004,24(6):1164-1171.

[9]曾凡江,张希明.骆驼刺植被及其资源保护和开发的意义[J].干旱区地理,2002,25(3):286-288.

[10]周海燕,李新荣.极端条件下几种锦鸡儿属灌木的生理特征[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(2):182-190.

[11]刘志民,杨甲定,刘新民.青藏高原几个主要环境因子对植物的生理效应[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(3):309-313.

[12]韩发.青藏高原的夜间低温对麦苗和牧草的生理意义[J].中国农业气象,1989,10(1):7-10.

[13]张树源,陆国权,武海,等.青藏高原主要C3植物的光合作用[J].植物学报,1992,34(2):176-184.

[14]郭柯,郑度,李渤生.喀喇昆仑山-昆仑山地区植物生活型组成[J].植物生态学报,1998,22(1):51-59.

[15]杨尚功,李向义,雷加强,等.昆仑山北坡前山带植物群落调查及相似性初步研究[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(4):809-817.

[16]陈拓,马健,冯虎元,等.阜康典型荒漠C3植物稳定碳同位素值的环境分析[J].干旱区地理,2002,25(4):342-345.

[17]严昌荣,韩兴国,陈灵芝.六种木本植物水分利用效率与其小生境的关系研究[J].生态学报,2001,21(11):1952-1956.

[18]Farquhar G D,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33:317-345.

[19]蒋霞,倪健.西北干旱区10种荒漠植物地理分布与大气候的关系及其可能潜在分布区的估测[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(1):98-107.

[20]闫海龙,张希明,许浩,等.塔里木沙漠公路防护林植物沙拐枣气体交换特性对干旱胁迫的响应[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(3):460-465.

[21]许大全.光合作用气孔限制分析中的一些问题[J].植物生理学通讯,1997,33(4):241-244.

[22]Kowallik W.Blue light effects on respiration[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1982,33:51-72.

[23]韩家懋,王国安,刘东生.C4植物的出现与全球环境变化[J].地学前缘,2002,9(1):233-243.

[24]朱军涛,张希明,李向义,等.塔里木沙拐枣对于海拔高度变化的生理生态响应[J].生态学报,2010,30(3):602-609.

[25]何明珠,张志山,李小军,等.阿拉善高原荒漠植被组成分布特征及其环境解释:Ⅱ.C4植物组成、分布特征与环境的关系[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(1):57-62.

[26]吴建国,吕佳佳,周巧富.气候变化对6种荒漠植物分布的潜在影响[J].植物学报,2010,45(6):723-738.