胡杨(Populus euphratica)与柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)径向生长特征对比

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于对额济纳旗胡杨(Populus euphratica)和柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)生长季树干的径向生长变化监测,以及气温、空气相对湿度和地下水位等环境因子的同步监测,利用突变检验和相关分析方法,对两树种日-季节尺度径向生长时间节点、阶段等特征及其环境因子响应模式进行了对比研究。结果显示:在两树种径向生长变化特征方面,日尺度上,胡杨每日径向生长最大值点出现和结束时间均比柽柳早3 h左右;季节尺度上,胡杨进入快速生长阶段的时间迟于柽柳,并且比柽柳结束要早,持续时间短于柽柳。在环境响应机制方面,胡杨日收缩极值(eMDV)、日膨胀极值(iMDV)和日净生长量(ΔR)阶段变化平均值为柽柳的3倍以上,变化幅度也相对较大;两树种上述径向生长参数与气温和地下水埋深等因子日-季节尺度的响应模式基本一致,快速生长期的地下水位变化影响更为显著,尤其对于柽柳。研究结果对于荒漠河岸林可持续发展及内陆河流域水资源管理具有重要意义。

关键词: 胡杨(Populus euphratica), 柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima), 日-季节尺度, 径向生长, 环境因子

Abstract: Using the point-dendrometer, the stem radius variation of Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima were measured during the growing season, in Ejina Oasis, arid northwest China. The environmental factors, such as air temperature, relative air humidity and groundwater level, were monitored synchronously. Using the Regime Shift Detection, different growing phrases of the two species were detected. The relationship between the environmental factors and the diurnal stem radial variation was investigated through correlation analysis. The results showed that, the time of P. euphratica reached the start and the end of daily maximum value were 3 hours earlier than T. ramosissima. The time of P. euphratica entered the rapid growth phase was later than T. ramosissima, and the ending time was earlier. The mean value of eMDV, iMDV and ΔR of P. euphratica were 3 times larger than T. ramosissima, and the amplitudes of the three parameters were larger for P. euphratica. It is similar of the relationship between those three parameters of the two species and the environmental factors. A more significant correlation has been found between the groundwater level and the three parameters in rapid growth phase, especially for the T. ramosissima. The research results have significant implications for the sustainable development of desert riparian forests and the water resources management in the inland river basin.

Key words: Populus euphratica, Tamarix ramosissima, daily-seasonal scale, stem radial growth, environmental factors

中图分类号:

Q948

田全彦, 肖生春, 彭小梅, 肖洪浪. 胡杨(Populus euphratica)与柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)径向生长特征对比[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015, 35(6): 1512-1519.

Tian Quanyan, Xiao Shengchun, Peng Xiaomei, Xiao Honglang. Comparison of Intra-annual Stem Radial Growth Characteristic between Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(6): 1512-1519.

参考文献

[1] Fritts H C.Regular cambial activity and xylem and phloem formation in locally heated and cooled stem portions of Norway spruce[J].Wood Science and Technology,1976,41:463-475.
[2] Deslauriers A,Rossi S,Anfodillo T.Dendrometer and intra-annual tree growth:what kind of information can be inferred?[J].Dendrochronologia,2007,25(2):113-124.
[3] Fritts H C.The relevance or dendrographic studies to tree-ring research[J].Tree Ring Bulletin,1962,24(1/2):9-11.
[4] Downes G,Beadle C,Worledge D.Daily stem growth patterns in irrigated Eucalyptus globulus and E.nitens in relation to climate[J].Trees,1999,14(2):102-111.
[5] Deslauriers A,Rossi S,Turcotte A,et al.A three-step procedure in SAS to analyze the time series from automatic dendrometers[J].Dendrochronologia,2011,29:151-161.
[6] 管伟,雄伟,王彦辉,等.六盘山北侧华北落叶松树干直径生长变化及其对环境因子的响应[J].林业科学,2007,43:1-6.
[7] 雄伟,王彦辉,于澎涛,等.六盘山南坡华北落叶松树干直径生长及其对气象因子的响应[J].生态学报,2007,27:432-441.
[8] 肖生春,肖洪浪,司建华,等.胡杨径向生长日变化特征分析[J].冰川冻土,2010,32(4):816-823.
[9] 肖生春,肖洪浪,彭小梅.黑河下游胡杨季节尺度径向生长变化研究[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(3):706-712.
[10] Xiao S C,Xiao H L,Peng X M,et al.Intra-annual stem diameter growth of Tamarix ramosissima and association with hydroclimatic factors in the lower reaches of China's Heihe River[J].Journal of Arid Land,2014:6(4):498-510.
[11] 李秧秧,石辉,张安邦,等.黄土丘陵区几种林木茎干径向生长的日变化及其对环境因素的响应[J].水土保持学报,2007,21(6):170-173.
[12] Wang Z Y,Yang B,Deslauriers A,et al.Two phases of seasonal stem radius variations of Sabina przewal skii Kom.in northwestern China inferred from sub-diurnal shrinkage and expansion patterns[J].Trees,2012,26(6):1747-1757.
[13] Wang Z Y,Yang B,Deslauriers A,et al.Intra-annual stem radial increment response of Qilian juniper to temperature and precipitation along an altitudinal gradient in northwestern China[J].Trees,2015,29(1):25-34.
[14] Rodionov S N.A sequential algorithm for testing climate regime shifts[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2004,31:L09204.
[15] Herzog K M,H sler R,Thum R.Diurnal changes in the radius of a subalpine Norway spruce stem:their relation to the sap flow and their use to estimate transpiration[J].Trees,1995,10(2):94-101.
[16] 曾凡江,张希明,李小明.柽柳的水分生理特性研究进展[J].应用生态报,2002,13(5):611-614.
[17] 张小由,龚家栋,周茂先,等.应用热脉冲技术对胡杨和柽柳树干液流的研究[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(5):585-590.
[18] 司建华,冯起,张小由.极端干旱区胡杨水势及影响因子研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(4):505-510.
[19] 宋耀选,周茂先,张小由等.额济纳绿洲主要植物的水势与环境因子的关系[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(4):496-499.
[20] 赵良菊,肖洪浪,程国栋,等.黑河下游河岸林植物水分来源初步研究[J].地球学报,2008,29(6):709-718.
[21] 尹力,赵良菊,阮云峰,等.黑河下游典型生态系统水分补给源及优势植物水分来源研究[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(6):1478-1486.
[22] 邓雄,李小明,张希明,等.4种荒漠植物气体交换特征的研究[J].植物生态学报,2002,26(5):605-612.
[23] 常宗强,冯起,苏永红,等.额济纳绿洲胡杨的光合特征及其对光强和CO₂浓度的响应[J].干旱区地理,2006,29(4):496-502
[24] 付爱红,陈亚宁,李卫红.中国黑河下游荒漠河岸林植物群落水分利用策略研究[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014(4):693-705.
[25] 张武文,马秀珍,谭志刚.额济纳平原植被分布与地下水关系的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2000,14(5):31-35.