水盐梯度下湿地柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)光合响应特征和水分利用效率

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2017.00099

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 光合响应特征与水分利用效率研究对深入理解柽柳（Tamarix ramosissima）对水盐胁迫的适应性机制十分必要，可为荒漠绿洲湿地盐渍化的改善和治理提供科学指导。以荒漠绿洲湿地柽柳为研究对象，利用Li-6400光合仪测定水盐梯度下柽柳的光合参数及其对光强的响应，探讨水盐梯度对荒漠绿洲湿地植物光合作用和水分利用效率的影响机制。结果表明：荒漠绿洲湿地柽柳的净光合速率（P_n）呈不对称双峰型日变化趋势，河岸灌木、盐沼和绿洲草地湿地的次峰较主峰分别下降19%、8.5%和11.2%；蒸腾速率（T_r）表现为单峰型。在同一水盐环境下，柽柳的P_n和水分利用效率（WUE）随光合有效辐射（PAR）的增强先快速升高后渐趋平缓。T_r对PAR的增强表现均不敏感。盐沼湿地柽柳的最大净光合速率、光饱和点与表观量子效率均最大，光补偿点最小。柽柳光饱和点512.67~1 790μmol·m^-2·s^-1，光补偿点16.28~19.23 μmol·m^-2·s^-1。适度的水盐含量会促进光合作用，水盐含量过高或过低均会抑制光合速率。盐分含量越低，荒漠绿洲湿地柽柳适应光强的范围越广。适度的水分含量下降可促进水分利用效率的提高。

关键词: 光合参数, 水分利用效率, 水盐梯度, 柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima), 荒漠绿洲湿地

Abstract: Photosynthetic response characteristics and water use efficiency can further understand the adaptive mechanism of Tamarix chinensis on water and salt stress and provide scientific guidance for the improvement and management of salinization in desert oasis wetland. This project took the desert oasis wetlands as the subject, photosynthetic parameters and its response to light intensity of T. chinensis under water and salt gradients were measured by Li-6400 photosynthetic instrument, to study the influencing mechanism of water and salt gradients on the photosynthesis and water use efficiency of plants in desert oasis wetlands. The results were as follows:The diurnal variation in net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of T. chinensis in desert oasis wetlands showed two peaks. Compared with main peaks, the secondary peaks of P_n in riparian shrub wetland, salt marsh and oasis grassland wetland decreased by 19%, 8.5% and 11.2%, respectively. Transpiration rate (T_r) showed a single peak. Under the same water and salt environment, P_n and water use efficiency (WUE) of T. chinensis rose rapidly and then to a flat with the increase of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). But T_r was not sensitive to the enhancement of PAR. The maximum net photosynthetic rate, the light saturation point and the apparent quantum efficiency of T. chinensis in salt marsh were the largest, and its light compensation point was the smallest. The light saturation point of T. chinensis in wetlands was in the range of 512.67-1 790 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, and the light compensation point was in the range of 16.28-19.23 μmol·m^-2·s^-1. Moderate water and salt content can promote photosynthesis. When water and salt content is too high or too low, it will inhibit the photosynthetic rate. The lower the salt content is, the wider the range of light intensity adaptability of T. chinensis in desert oasis wetlands. Moderate decrease of water content is beneficial to the improvement of water use efficiency.

Key words: photosynthetic parameters, water use efficiency, water and salt gradients, Tamarix chinensis, desert oasis wetland

中图分类号:

Q945.79

孟阳阳, 刘冰, 刘婵. 水盐梯度下湿地柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)光合响应特征和水分利用效率[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(3): 568-577.

Meng Yangyang, Liu Bing, Liu Chan. Photosynthetic Response Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Tamarix chinensis under Water and Salt Gradients in Wetlands[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2018, 38(3): 568-577.

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