砂田退化对土壤温度和蒸发影响的模拟研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据砂田不同耕作年份实地取样,并进行粒径分析,结果表明,砂层中混入的土含量随着砂田耕作年限增加而逐步增加;参照实地取样后粒径分析,以砂层混入土的不同重量百分比梯度设置处理T1-5%、T2-10%、T3-20%、T4-25%、T5-30%、T6-40%,并设对照CK1(纯砂砾覆盖)和CK2(无覆盖裸地),进行温度变化和蒸发效应的模拟研究。结果表明,5 cm、10 cm的土壤温度在8:00和20:00均随着退化程度的加重而降低,而在中午则呈横置S状;与对照纯砂砾覆盖CK1相比日高温延时性随退化程度加重而逐步减弱,日积温减小且昼夜温差增大;蒸发强度随着砂田退化程度的加重而逐渐增强,无覆盖处理蒸发量约是纯砂砾覆盖蒸发量的3倍,而严重退化的处理T5 、T6分别是纯砾石覆盖的2倍,即严重退化砂田年蒸发量要比CK1多110 mm。

关键词: 砂田, 退化, 温度, 土壤水分, 蒸发

Abstract: The soil content in the mulched gravel-sand layer increased with the elongation of cultivated years of field. There were six treatments of soil content proportion to gravel sand in the simulating experiment on effect of gravel-sand mulched field degradation to soil temperature and evaporation: t1-5%, t2-10%, T3-20%, T4-25%, T5-30%, T6-40%; two checks: CK1, pure gravel-sand mulched layer and CK2, non-mulched layer. The results show that soil temperature in 5 cm and 10 cm depths at 8:00 and 20:00 decrease with the aggravation of mulched layer degrading, and appear a transversely placed "S" shape at 14:00. In comparison with CK1, the function of delaying the daily maximum ground temperature weakens as the degradation level increase, companying with daily accumulated temperature decreasing, daily temperature range increasing, and evaporation intensifying. The evaporation rate of CK2 is three times as that of CK1, but that of treatments T5 or T6 is two times.

Key words: gravel-sand mulched field, degradation, temperature, soil water, evaporation

中图分类号:

S152

王金牛;谢忠奎;郭志鸿;王亚军. 砂田退化对土壤温度和蒸发影响的模拟研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2010, 30(2): 388-393.

WANG Jin-niu;XIE Zhong-kui;GUO Zhi-hong;WANG Ya-jun. Simulating the Effect of Gravel-sand Mulched Field Degradation on Soil Temperature and Evaporation[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2010, 30(2): 388-393.

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