关键词: 塔克拉玛干沙漠, 风积地貌, 大气环流, 沙尘暴, 黄土堆积

Abstract: Having analyzed the prevailing wind directions that are showed by Taklimakan Desert dunes shapes and that have been observed by 25 weather stations for 40 years around the Taklimakan Desert, we reestablished the wind field map when duststorm occurred in the Tarim basin. The analysis on the atmospheric circulation reveals that the flimsy thermal low was formed in the warm seasons (spring & summer) as the surface heat being transferred to air through the sensible heat. When the cold airflow invaded into the basin, powerful current convergence zones of uplift formed along the belt of Hetian-Yutian-Minfeng in south basin, where became the highest frequently duststorm-occurring area in China. The uplifting sand-dust were transported and deposited on the northern slope of Kunlun Mountains, forming loess deposition. The uplifted altitudes of sand-dust vary with the intensity of cold airflow intruding. On northern slope of Kunlun Mountains the average altitude is at 2 900~3 400 m indicated by the distribution of loess deposition. The strongest duststorm can raise sand-dust up to 5 500 m height and come into the westerly jet region.

Key words: Taklimakan Desert, aeolian accumulation landform, atmospheric circulation, duststorm, loess accumulation