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中国沙漠 ›› 2010, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 976-982.

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

2007年春季沙尘暴对辽宁中部城市群空气质量的影响

周德平, 王扬锋, 洪 也, 刘宁微   

  1. 中国气象局 沈阳大气环境研究所, 辽宁 沈阳 110016
  • 收稿日期:2008-12-12 修回日期:2009-01-11 出版日期:2010-07-20 发布日期:2010-07-20

Influence of Dust Storm on Air Quality of Cities in Middle Liaoning Province in Spring of 2007

ZHOU De-ping, WANG Yang-feng, HONG Ye, LIU Ning-wei   

  1. Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Received:2008-12-12 Revised:2009-01-11 Online:2010-07-20 Published:2010-07-20

摘要: 根据大气降尘量和可吸入颗粒物PM10 、PM2.5、 PM1的观测资料,分析了2007年春季发生于我国北方的两次沙尘暴天气过程对辽宁中部城市群空气质量的影响。结果显示,沙尘天气使各城市大气降尘量与可吸入颗粒物PM10和PM2.5的质量浓度明显增高,空气质量明显下降。在3月31日和5月7日的两次沙尘暴过程中,城市群的大气降尘量比当月日平均值分别增加了1.5倍和2.5倍,各城市PM10的日均质量浓度比沙尘出现前一日分别增加了0.2~2.6倍和1.5~3.8倍。3月31日除铁岭和鞍山空气质量状况为良外,均达到轻微污染程度;5月7日鞍山达严重污染程度;沈阳、辽阳、本溪、铁岭和抚顺的空气质量均为中度污染或中度重污染。沙尘暴期间1.0~10.0 μm的粗粒子为影响辽宁中部城市空气质量的主要成分,其小时平均质量浓度最大时是沙尘出现前的10~30倍。

关键词: 大气降尘, 可吸入颗粒物, 沙尘暴, 辽宁中部城市群

Abstract: Influence of dust storm on air quality of cities in middle Liaoning province was analyzed based on atmospheric dustfall amount, hourly PM10 and PM2.5 and PM1 concentration data obtained in two spring dust storm events in March 31 and May, 2007. The results indicated that the mass of atmospheric dustfall in these cities during the two dust storm events increased 150% and 250% than the daily average mass, and the average PM10 mass concentration increased 20%~260% and 150%~380% respectively than the daily average PM10 mass. Except for good air quality in Tieling and Anshan, the other cities all were in slight air pollution in March 31. Shenyang, Liaoyang, Benxi, Tieling and Fushun were in medium or heavy air pollution in May 7, while Anshan was in very heavy air pollution and its daily average PM10 mass concentration was 0.759 mg·m-3. Coarse particulates in the size range of 1.0~10.0 μm were main dust aerosol which influenced air quality of cities in middle Liaoning province and their hourly mass concentrations during dust storm events increased about 10~30 times of that before events.

Key words: atmospheric dustfall, inspirable particulate matter, dust storm, cities in middle Liaoning province

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