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中国沙漠 ›› 2010, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 1464-1468.

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

春季晴天与阴天草原辐射和能量平衡特征的一次对比观测

岳 平1,2, 牛生杰3, 张 强1, 刘秀兰2   

  1. 1.中国气象局 兰州干旱气象研究所 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局 干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730020; 2.张掖国家气候观象台, 甘肃 张掖 734000; 3.南京信息工程大学, 江苏 南京 210044
  • 收稿日期:2009-11-29 修回日期:2009-12-04 出版日期:2010-11-20 发布日期:2010-11-20

Surface Heat and Radiation Budget over Semi-arid Grassland in a Clear Day and a Cloudy Day during Early Spring

YUE Ping1,2, NIU Sheng-jie3, ZHANG Qiang1, LIU Xiu-lan2   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Changing and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Changing and Reducing Disaster of CMA, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorology Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China; 2.Zhangye Climatological Observatory, Zhanye 734000, China; 3.Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • Received:2009-11-29 Revised:2009-12-04 Online:2010-11-20 Published:2010-11-20

摘要: 利用2008年3月锡林浩特国家气候观象台通量观测系统获取的资料,对草原初春晴天和阴天地表能量和辐射平衡特征进行了对比。结果显示,初春典型晴天总辐射、反射辐射、向下和向上长波辐射的最大值分别为801 W·m-2、203 W·m-2、197 W·m-2和390 W·m-2;阴天总辐射与反射辐射明显减弱,峰值分别为595 W·m-2、147 W·m-2,向下、向上长波辐射最大值分别为290 W·m-2和182 W·m-2。晴天感热、潜热、土壤热通量和净辐射的日积分值分别是6.58 MJ·m-2·d-1、1.05 MJ·m-2·d-1、-0.25 MJ·m-2·d-1和5.89 MJ·m-2·d-1,阴天感热、潜热、土壤热通量和净辐射的日积分值分别是1.15 MJ·m-2·d-1、0.49 MJ·m-2·d-1、-0.08 MJ·m-2·d-1和1.65 MJ·m-2·d-1。典型晴天地表反照率早晚大,中午最小,最小值为 0.26;而阴天受云的影响,最小值仅为0.22,且日变化不明显。

关键词: 草原, 辐射平衡, 反射率

Abstract: By using the micrometeorology data observed at Xilingol grassland on 12—13 March, 2008, the characteristics of diurnal variations (in a clear day and a cloudy day) of surface radiation budget, heat budget and albedo over this semi-arid grassland were researched. On the clear day, the maximal value of total radiation, up-ward short radiation, down-ward long radiation and up-ward long radiation was 801 W·m-2, 203 W·m-2, 197 W·m-2 and 390 W·m-2, respectively. On the cloudy day it was 595 W·m-2, 147 W·m-2, 290 W·m-2 and 182 W·m-2, respectively. As for the sensible heat fluxes, potential heat flux, soil heat flux and net radiation, the value was 6.58 MJ·m-2·d-1, 1.05 MJ·m-2·d-1, -0.25 MJ·m-2·d-1 and 5.89 MJ·m-2·d-1 respectively on a clear day, but only 1.15 MJ·m-2·d-1, 0.49 MJ·m-2·d-1, -0.08 MJ·m-2·d-1 and 1.65 MJ·m-2·d-1 respectively on a cloudy day. In the diurnal curves, the albedo in the morning and afternoon is larger than that at noon on the clear day and the minimal value is 0.23; there is not obvious diurnal fluctuations on the cloudy day and the minimal value is 0.22.

Key words: grassland, radiation budget, albedo

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