坡向和微地形对大型土壤动物空间分布格局的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 尽管在景观和区域尺度上对土壤动物空间分布格局的研究已较多,但在小尺度上对局部微生境条件如何影响土壤动物多样性及其空间分布格局的研究还很少。以典型温带次生林为研究对象,采用样方法系统调查了林地阴坡和阳坡4个不同地形部位大型土壤动物群落的密度,并测定了不同地形部位的生境条件。采用三因子方差分析和对应分析等方法定量研究了坡向和地形部位对大型土壤动物群落密度的空间分布格局的影响。主要表现在：①在采集到的160个土壤样品中共检测到动物个体4 148个,分别隶属于26个不同的土壤动物类群;②坡向和地形部位对土壤动物的空间分布格局有显著的影响,但不同土壤动物类群对坡向和地形部位的响应模式存在一定的差异,这种差异的形成可能与不同土壤动物类群的生活习性和生物学特征密切相关。其结论是：在小尺度上,林地的坡向和微地形条件主要通过影响局部小生境的生物和非生物因子组合特征而对土壤动物的空间分布格局产生重要影响。

关键词: 温带次生林, 坡向, 地形部位, 大型土壤动物, 空间分布

Abstract:

There is a large body of researches on the effect of environmental heterogeneity on spatial distribution of soil fauna at a landscape or regional scale, but research on effect of environmental heterogeneity on spatial distribution of soil fauna at a local scale is still limited. In this study we investigated the densities of soil microfauna communities across different topographic positions, such as the river bed, foot slope, upside slope and crest slope of shady and sunny slopes in a typical temperate secondary forest of China. In addition, the physical and chemical attributes of soils in these positions were also measured. Correspondence analysis was performed to determine the patterns of spatial distribution of soil microfauna communities in relation to environmental heterogeneity. Key results are as follows: ① twenty six groups of soil fauna were identified from 4 148 individuals of the 160 soil samples taken in the study area; ② slope direction and topographic position had significant impacts on spatial distribution of soil macrofauna, but overall effects varied considerably across soil animal groups because of significant differences in taxon identity and biological traits among them. The study shows that slope direction and topographic position significantly influence the spatial distribution of soil macrofauna by their effects on the integrative features of biotic and abiotic factors in habitats.

Key words: temperate secondary forest, slope direction, topographic position, soil macrofauna, spatial distribution

中图分类号:

S154.5

刘继亮;李锋瑞. 坡向和微地形对大型土壤动物空间分布格局的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2008, 28(6): 1104-1112.

LIU Ji-liang;LI Feng-rui. Slope Direction and Topographic Position Interact to Shape Spatial Distribution of Soil Macrofauna in a Temperate Secondary Forest, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2008, 28(6): 1104-1112.

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