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中国沙漠 ›› 2008, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 968-973.

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆沙尘源状况及其沙尘气溶胶释放条件分析

高卫东1,2,3; 袁玉江1; 刘志辉3; 魏文寿1

  

  1. 1.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002; 2.济南大学城市发展学院, 山东 济南 250000; 3.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 收稿日期:2007-11-12 修回日期:2007-12-20 出版日期:2008-09-20 发布日期:2008-09-20

Status of Dust Sources and Aerosol Formatting Condition Analysis in Xinjiang

GAO Wei-dong1,2,3, YUAN Yu-jiang1, LIU Zhi-hui3, WEI Wen-shou1

  

  1. 1.Urumqi Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China; 2.School of City Development, Jinan University, Jinan 250000, China; 3.School of Resource and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830000, China
  • Received:2007-11-12 Revised:2007-12-20 Online:2008-09-20 Published:2008-09-20

摘要:

沙尘气溶胶是干旱、半干旱区大气中重要的组成物质, 沙尘天气多发是该区域沙尘气溶胶含量高的主要原因。新疆1/4的土地被沙漠覆盖,塔里木盆地绝大部分地区沙土和沙壤土占地比率大于60%,沙漠沙以细沙为主, 特殊的下垫面为沙尘天气的形成提供了丰富的沙源;沙漠周围的边缘地带、河流两岸、古河道中的土壤类型中粒径小于2.5 μm和粒径小于10 μm的土壤颗粒物中细颗粒物分别达到了50%和20%,是大气沙尘气溶胶中细颗粒物的主要来源和潜在来源。沙尘天气的产生受大风、降水、植被覆盖度、下垫面性质以及大气环流等多种因素的影响。

关键词: 沙尘源, 沙尘气溶胶, 新疆

Abstract:

Sand-dust aerosols are main substances in air composition over arid and semiarid areas, and frequent sand-dust weather is the key cause. About 25% area of Xinjiang is covered by desert; especially the area of sandy soil in most regions of the Tarim Basin is more than 60%. The underlying surfaces that are covered predominately by fine sands provide sufficient sand sources for sand-dust weather formation. The content of soil particles with diameter less that 2.5 μm or less that 10 μm is respectively up to 50% and 20% in areas of desert rim, river side, and ancient river bed. They are the main sources and latent sources of fine particles in dust aerosol. Whether the sand-dust weather happens it has multiple influencing factors, such as gale, precipitation, vegetation coverage, underlying feature, atmospheric current, etc.

Key words: dust sources, dust aerosol, Xinjiang

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