2000—2009年黄土高原地区植被覆盖度时空变化

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00175

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以MODIS NDVI为数据源，应用像元二分模型对黄土高原地区近2000—2009年植被覆盖度时空变化进行分析，并从气候变化和人类活动两个方面对植被覆盖度变化的原因进行探讨。结果表明：2000—2009年黄土高原地区植被覆盖度整体呈增加趋势，年增速为0.6%（p<0.01）；在空间上，黄土高原地区植被覆盖度整体呈现由西北向东南逐渐增加的趋势，这与黄土高原地区的水热条件分布基本一致；植被覆盖度明显改善地区的面积为6 717.35 km2，主要分布在陕西延安的北部以及榆林的东北部；一般改善地区面积为180 176.90 km2；一般恶化地区面积为27 236.37 km2；明显恶化地区面积为852.62 km2，主要分布在内蒙古河套平原、银川、西安以及太原等地区；气温、降水的增加以及\!三北\"防护林和陕北地区退耕还林（草）等工程的实施是该地区植被覆盖度增加的主要原因。

关键词: 黄土高原, 植被覆盖度, 像元二分原理, 时空变化

Abstract:

Based on MODISNDVI data from 2000 to 2009, dimidiate pixel principle was applied to monitor the spatial and temporal variations of vegetation coverage (VC) in the Loess Plateau as well as the influence factors of climate change and human activity on vegetation coverage change. The results showed that the VC increased in the Loess Plateau during 2000-2009 with a growth rate of 6% per decade at significant level of α=0.01. In the space, the VC presented a worsen trend from southeast to northwest, which was in accordance with the distribution of water-heat conditions in the Loess Plateau. The areas of obviously improved region, generally improved region, general deterioration region and significant deterioration region were respectively 6 717.35 km2, 18 0176.90 km2, 27 236.37 km2 and 852.62 km2 from 2000 to 2009. The obviously improved regions were mainly distributed in North Shaanxi Province, while the significant deterioration regions were mainly in Yinchuan, Xian and Taiyuan. The main natural factors and human factors on the VC increase were the increase of temperature and precipitation and the implementation of the project of Converting Cropland to Forest in the Three-North Regions of China.

Key words: Loess Plateau, vegetation coverage, dimidiate pixel principle, temporal and spatial variation

中图分类号:

Q948

刘宪锋1，杨勇2, 任志远1，林志慧1. 2000—2009年黄土高原地区植被覆盖度时空变化[J]. 中国沙漠, 2013, 33(4): 1244-1249.

LIU Xian-feng1, YANG Yong2, REN Zhi-yuan1, LIN Zhi-hui1. Changes of Vegetation Coverage in the Loess Plateau in 2000-2009[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2013, 33(4): 1244-1249.

参考文献

[1]信忠保,许炯心,郑伟.气候变化和人类活动对黄土高原植被覆盖变化的影响[J].中国科学（D 辑:地球科学）,2007,37(11):1504-1514.

[2]方精云,朴世龙,贺金生,等.近20年来中国植被活动在增强[J].中国科学(C辑),2003,33(6):554-565.

[3]宋怡,马明国.基于SPOTVEGETATION数据的中国西北植被覆盖变化分析[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(1):89-93.

[4]孙善磊,孙杰,李洪利,等.典型干湿区植被与气候因子的相互响应关系研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(9):4713-4716.

[5]孙红雨,王长耀,牛铮,等.中国地表植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子关系——基于NOAA时间序列数据分析[J].遥感学报,1998,2(3):204-210.

[6]甘春英,王兮之,李保生,等.连江流域近18年来植被覆盖度变化分析[J].地理科学,2011,31(8):1019-1024.

[7]李晓松,李增元,高志海,等.基于NDVI与偏最小二乘回归的荒漠化地区植被覆盖度高光谱遥感估测[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(1):162-167.

[8]曹永翔,刘小丹,张克斌,等.青海省都兰县察汗乌苏绿洲植被覆盖度变化研究[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(5):1267-1272.

[9]Zeng X B,Dickinson R E,Walker Alison,et al.Derivation and evaluation of global 1-km fractional vegetation cover data for land modeling[J].Journal of Applied Meteorology,2000,39(6):826-839.

[10]王智,常顺利,师庆东,等.基于FVC指数的中国西北干旱区植被覆盖变化Markov过程[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(5):1129-1136.

[11]吴云,曾源,吴炳方,等.基于MODIS数据的三北防护林工程区植被覆盖度提取与分析[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(9):1712-1718.

[12]陈效逑,王恒.1982-2003年内蒙古植被带和植被覆盖度的时空变化[J].地理学报,2009,64(1):84-94.

[13]Gutman G,Ignatov A.The derivation of the green vegetation fraction from NOAA/AVHRR data for use in numerical weather prediction models[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1998,19(8):1533-1543.

[14]Li X B,Chen Y H,Shi P J,et al.Detecting vegetation fraction coverage of typical steppe in northern China based on multi-scale remotely sensed data[J].Acta Botanica Sinica,2003,45(10):1146-1156.

[15]陈晓光,李剑萍,韩颖娟,等.宁夏近20年来植被覆盖度及其与气温降水的关系[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(9):1375-1383.

[16]杨光华,包安明,陈曦,等.气候和土地利用变化对塔里木河干流区植被覆盖变化的影响[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(6):1389-1397.

[17]王朗,傅伯杰,吕一河,等.生态恢复背景下陕北地区植被覆盖的时空变化[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(8):2109-2116.

[18]信忠保,许炯心.黄土高原地区植被覆盖时空演变对气候的响应[J].自然科学进展,2007,17(6):770-778.

[19]周忠学,孙虎,李智佩.黄土高原水蚀荒漠化发生特点及其防治模式[J].干旱区研究,2005,22(1):29-34.

[20]李登科,郭铌 .陕西MODIS/NDVI的区域分布和季节变化[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(1):108-112.

[21]池宏康,周广胜,许振柱,等.草地植被盖度的近距离遥感测定[J].草业学报,2007,16(2):105-110.

[22]雷磊,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,李金香,等.干旱区典型绿洲地表温度与植被覆盖度相关性研究[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):1001-1007.

[23]刘艳,李杨,崔彩霞,等.MODISMOD13Q1数据在北疆荒漠化监测中的应用评价[J].草业学报,2010,19(3):14-21.

[24]赵英时.遥感应用分析原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.

[25]张岩,张清春,刘宝元.降水变化对陕北黄土高原植被覆盖度和高度的影响[J].地球科学进展,2002,17(2):268-272.