策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)群落的地表蚀积特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00156

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 观测了新疆策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带不同覆盖度骆驼刺（Alhagi sparsifolia）群落在生长季的地表蚀积特征。结果表明：骆驼刺群落从生长初期到稳定期，密度为0.2株·m^-2的群落植被覆盖度由3.09%增长到34.42%，密度为0.18株·m^-2的群落植被覆盖度由3.18%增长到22.66%，前者的阻沙效果优于后者，两者在生长初期地表风蚀最为严重，之后各阶段以风积为主，且单位面积净蚀积量随时间的推移逐步增加后趋于稳定；裸沙地以风蚀为主；密度为0.1株·m^-2的群落植被覆盖度由0.44%增长到20.30%，与裸沙地相比，局部风蚀现象更为严重，且单位面积风蚀量随时间的推移而增加；植被覆盖度较大的群落内部和植株背风区，风积现象明显，群落外围迎风侧和植被覆盖度较小的区域，风蚀较为严重。应重点加强骆驼刺皆伐后生长初期和植被覆盖度较低区域的地表防护作用。

关键词: 骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia), 植被覆盖度, 蚀积特征, 阻沙效果

Abstract: Wind erosion and deposition features on surfaces under different coverage of Alhagi sparsifolia community throughout its growing season were studied by field observation. The results indicated that during the period that Alhagi sparsifolia community grew from the primary stage to the stationary stage, the vegetation coverage whose planting density was 0.2 m^-2 increased from 3.09% to 34.42% and it varied from 3.18% to 22.66% when the density was 0.18 m^-2, and the sand control effect of the former was better than that of the latter; Both of the two showed severe wind erosion in the early days of the plant's growth, however, wind deposition was in charge of every observation stage after that, and net erosion and deposition amount per unit area increased first then tended to be steady with time; Bare sandy surface was mainly exposed to wind erosion; The vegetation coverage increased from 0.44% to 20.30% when the planting density was 0.1 m^-2, and the surface under which showed more serious wind erosion partially than the bare sandy surface did, and its erosion amount per unit area increased with time; Wind deposition obviously occurred in the internal of the community whose coverage was larger as well as leeward side of the plant, on the contrary, and the windward side on the periphery of the community and surface under a smaller vegetation coverage usually showed severe wind erosion; Sand control should be especially focused on the primary stage of the plant's growth after it is all cut and the area where the vegetation coverage is smaller.

Key words: Alhagi sparsifolia, vegetation coverage, wind erosion and deposition features, effect of sand control

中图分类号:

P931.3

冯筱, 李生宇, 徐新文, 马学喜, 邢文娟, 袁鑫鑫. 策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)群落的地表蚀积特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(5): 1252-1259.

Feng Xiao, Li Shengyu, Xu Xinwen, Ma Xuexi, Xing Wenjuan, Yuan Xinxin. Wind Erosion and Deposition Features on Surfaces under Different Coverage of Alhagi sparsifolia Community in the Oasis-desert Ecotone in Cele, Xinjiang, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2016, 36(5): 1252-1259.

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