混合盐碱胁迫对紫花苜蓿苗期氮磷吸收及生理特性的影响

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2014.00179

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以“甘农3号”紫花苜蓿为试验材料,采用营养液沙培试验,用两种中性盐(NaCl和Na₂SO₄)及两种碱性盐(NaHCO₃和Na₂CO₃), 配成5种混合盐A(NaCl:Na₂SO₄=1:1)、B(NaCl:NaHCO₃=1:1)、C(NaCl:Na₂SO₄:NaHCO₃:Na₂CO₃=1:1:1:1)、D(Na₂SO₄:Na₂CO₃=1:1)、E(NaHCO₃:Na₂CO₃=1:1),设4个盐浓度(25、50、100、150 mmol·L^-1)模拟盐胁迫,研究混合盐碱胁迫对紫花苜蓿苗期氮、磷吸收及生理特性的影响。结果表明:随着盐浓度增加,苜蓿根瘤固氮酶活性和植株全氮含量下降,全磷含量无明显变化,而脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均升高,同一盐浓度水平下各处理间其含量的升高顺序为E>D>C>B>A,在高胁迫强度下(150 mmol·L^-1) 除全磷含量外,各项指标增减均达显著水平。混合盐碱胁迫能够对紫花苜蓿根瘤固氮酶组分结构造成不可逆的破坏,使苜蓿自身固氮能力的下降,最终导致植株全氮含量下降。随着盐浓度的上升,植株可以通过提高其体内脯氨酸和可溶性糖的含量来维持细胞水势,减少细胞渗透胁迫对植物的伤害。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 混合盐碱胁迫, 固氮酶活性, 生理指标

Abstract:

The effect of complex saline-alkali stress on nitrogen and phosphorus absorption and physiological characteristics of alfalfa seedlings were studied with Alfalfa (Medicago sativa, Gannong No.3). Seedlings were stressed with different concentrations of neural salts (NaCl and Na₂SO₄) and alkaline salts (NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃), altogether 5 combinations: A(NaCl:Na₂SO₄=1:1), B(NaCl:NaHCO₃=1:1), C(NaCl:Na₂SO₄:NaHCO₃:Na₂CO₃=1:1:1:1), D(Na₂SO₄:Na₂CO₃=1:1)、E(NaHCO₃:Na₂CO₃=1:1), and 4 concentrations (25, 50, 100 and 150 mmol·L^-1) in a sand culture experiment. Results show that with the increase of salt concentration, nodule nitrogenase activity and the content of total nitrogen has dropped, and the content of total phosphorus has no obvious change, while proline (Pro), malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content increased. At the same level of the salt concentration, the content between the groups of higher order: E>D>C>B>A.The change ranges of tested indices have reached significant level under the high salt concentration(150 mmol·^-1), in addition to the total phosphorus content.The results suggested that the structure components of alfalfa was damaged under the hybrid salinity-alkalinity stress,reduced nitrogen fixation ability and decreased nitrogen content. Along with the rising of salt concentrations, plant can improve the content of proline and soluble sugar in the body to maintain cell water potential, reduce the injury to the plant cell osmotic stress.

Key words: alfalfa (Medicago sativa), salt and alkali mixed stress, nitrogenase activity, physiological index

中图分类号:

Q948.11

郝凤, 刘晓静, 张晓磊, 齐敏兴. 混合盐碱胁迫对紫花苜蓿苗期氮磷吸收及生理特性的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2015, 35(5): 1268-1274.

Hao Feng, Liu Xiaojing, Zhang Xiaolei, Qi Minxing. Effect of Complex Saline-alkali Stress on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Absorption and Physiological Traits of Alfalfa Seedlings[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(5): 1268-1274.

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