甘肃敦煌雅丹地质公园区风蚀气候侵蚀力特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00084

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风蚀气候侵蚀力是潜在风力侵蚀强度的重要表征。基于2013年和2014年风速、降水和空气温度、湿度等气象要素的实地观测数据，对甘肃敦煌雅丹地质公园区的风蚀气候因子指数进行了逐月的计算和分析。结果表明：（1）研究区风蚀气候因子指数为151.98±0.13，是全国的三大极大值区之一；（2）研究区风蚀气候因子指数不同于全国干旱半干旱区基本季节变化特征，夏季最大，春夏季明显高于秋冬季，与新疆和田地区的季节变化特征相似；（3）研究区风蚀气候因子指数具有4—8月持续高值、9月至翌年3月持续低值的月变化特征；（4）风蚀气候因子指数的决定性气象因子是风速，而降水的减弱作用甚微；（5）一般来说，雅丹地貌分布区风蚀气候因子指数≥150。

关键词: 风蚀气候侵蚀力, 风蚀气候因子指数, 雅丹, 敦煌雅丹地质公园

Abstract: Wind erosion climatic erosivity is one of the important signatures of potential wind erosion intensity. Based on the field monitoring data in Dunhuang Yardang Geo-park during 2013 and 2014, including wind velocity, precipitation, air temperature and air relative humidity, wind erosion climatic factor index is computed and analyzed month by month. The results are as follows: (1) The wind erosion climatic factor index is 151.98±0.13, and Dunhuang Yardang Geo-park is one of three maximum value areas in China; (2) Compared to other arid and semi-arid regions in China, the seasonal variation characteristic of wind erosion climatic factor index is unique in Dunhuang Yardang Geo-park, and there are the maximum values in summer, high values in summer and spring while low values in autumn and winter. It's similar to that in the Hotan region of Xinjiang. (3) The wind erosion climatic factor index has monthly variation characteristic with continuous high values between April and August, and low values in other month; (4) The wind erosion climatic factor index is strongly related to average wind velocity, while it is little affected by precipitation; (5) The wind erosion climatic factor index is almost more than 150 in regions with yardangs formation and evolution.

Key words: wind erosion climatic erosivity, wind erosion climatic factor index, yardangs, Dunhuang Yardang Geo-park

中图分类号:

P931.3

牛清河, 屈建军, 安志山. 甘肃敦煌雅丹地质公园区风蚀气候侵蚀力特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017, 37(6): 1066-1070.

Niu Qinghe, Qu Jianjun, An Zhishan. Characteristic of Wind Erosion Climatic Erosivity in Dunhuang Yardang Geo-park of Gansu Province[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2017, 37(6): 1066-1070.

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