极端干旱对草地生态系统生物多样性与生态系统多功能性的影响研究综述

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00187

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物多样性与生态系统功能的作用关系一直是生态系统生态学研究的前沿热点问题。气候变化特别是极端降水事件的频发，是诱发生态系统组成、结构和功能变化的主要驱动力，而在这改变过程中生物多样性的差异及对生态系统多功能性的调控机理尚未清晰地认知。为了深入探究极端干旱对草地生态系统生物多样性与生态系统多功能性及其关系的影响机理，本研究系统介绍了极端干旱对草地生态系统植物多样性、土壤生物多样性、植物-土壤多功能性的影响，分析和总结了气候变化影响不同生态系统、群落类型、尺度范围（全球尺度、区域尺度、局地尺度）内生物多样性、生态系统多功能性及其作用关系的研究成果，并总结分析了存在的主要问题，最后对未来的主要研究方向做了展望。

关键词: 草地生态系统, 生物多样性, 生态系统多功能性, 极端干旱

Abstract:

The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function （BEF） has always been a hot topic in ecosystem ecology. Climate change， especially the frequent occurrence of extreme precipitation events， is the main driving force to induce changes in ecosystem composition， structure and function. However， the differences of biodiversity and the regulatory mechanism of ecosystem multifunctionality in this process of have not been clearly understood. To explore the underlying mechanisms of how extreme drought influences biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality and their interactions in grassland ecosystems. This study systematically examines the impacts of extreme drought on plant diversity， soil biodiversity， and plant-soil multifunctionality in grassland ecosystem. It synthesizes and analyzes research findings concerning how climate change affects biodiversity， ecosystem multifunctionality， and their interrelationships across different ecosystems， community types， and spatial scales （global， regional， and local）. Key existing challenges in current research are critically evaluated. Finally， future research directions are proposed and discussed.

Key words: grassland ecosystem, biodiversity, ecosystem multifunctionality, extreme drought

中图分类号:

Q945

黄文达, 史尚彬, 于海伦, 朱远忠. 极端干旱对草地生态系统生物多样性与生态系统多功能性的影响研究综述[J]. 中国沙漠, 2025, 45(4): 57-66.

Wenda Huang, Shangbin Shi, Hailun Yu, Yuanzhong Zhu. Impacts of extreme drought on biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in grassland： a review[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(4): 57-66.

图/表 1

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