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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 109-119.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00179

• • 上一篇    下一篇

樟子松( Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica )种子性状与环境的相关性

陈晓娜1,2(), 郝玉光1(), 赵英铭1,2, 王靖思3, 贾海宽4, 范海江5   

  1. 1.中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心,内蒙古 磴口 015200
    2.国家林业和草原局植物新品种测试中心磴口分中心,内蒙古 磴口 015200
    3.巴林右旗巴林桥治沙林场,内蒙古 巴林右旗 025150
    4.呼伦贝尔市红花尔基林业局国家樟子松良种基地,内蒙古 红花尔基 021112
    5.呼伦贝尔市红花尔基林业局,内蒙古 红花尔基 021112
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 修回日期:2025-10-21 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-08-27
  • 通讯作者: 郝玉光
  • 作者简介:陈晓娜(1994—),女,内蒙古莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗人,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为荒漠化防治。E-mail: 775164470@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区自然科学基金重点项目(2023ZD23)

Correlation between environmental factors and seed traits of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica

Xiaona Chen1,2(), Yuguang Hao1(), Yingming Zhao1,2, Jingsi Wang3, Haikuan Jia4, Haijiang Fan5   

  1. 1.Experimental Center of Desert Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Dengkou 015200,Inner Mongolia,China
    2.Dengkou Station of New Plant Variety Testing Center,Dengkou 015200,Inner Mongolia,China
    3.Bairin Bridge Sand-contral Forest Centre in Bairin Right Banner,Bairin Right Banner 025150,Inner Mongolia,China
    4.Hulun Buir City Honghua Erji Forestry Bureau National Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Seed Base,Honghua Erji 021112,Inner Mongolia,China
    5.Hulun Buir City Honghua Erji Forestry Bureau,Honghua Erji 021112,Inner Mongolia,China
  • Received:2025-09-08 Revised:2025-10-21 Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-08-27
  • Contact: Yuguang Hao

摘要:

樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)是防沙治沙人工林建植的主要树种,其种子性状在不同地理环境的分化现象日益严重。为探究其种子性状对环境因子的响应规律,本研究以自然降水量梯度分布的5个地区的樟子松种子为试材,测定并分析其种子大小、萌发及幼苗长势与环境因子的关系,评估樟子松在不同环境下的生长策略。结果表明:樟子松种子长度、种子宽度、种子厚度、千粒重、体积、萌发率、根长随年降水量的增加呈减小趋势,种子宽度、种子厚度、千粒重、体积、萌发率与年降水量呈显著的线性关系(P<0.05),根长与年降水量呈显著的指数函数关系(P<0.05)。樟子松种子长度、种子宽度、种子厚度、千粒重、体积、萌发率、根长随年日照时数的增加呈增大的趋势。随年平均气温的增加,种子长宽比降低,二者呈显著对数函数关系(R²=0.5669,P<0.05)。种子长度、种子宽度、种子厚度、体积、萌发率、千粒重、根长与年平均气温的关系均不显著(P>0.05)。5个地区的樟子松种子表型性状具有显著性差异(P<0.05),种子体积的变异系数最高,达17.96%。除种子长宽比以外,其他种子性状指标与年降水量呈负相关,与年日照时数呈正相关。总体来说,随日照时数增加和降雨量减少,5个地区樟子松人工林的种子变大,萌发率增加,且幼苗长势变好。种子性状与降水量和日照时数关系的权衡及其对樟子松繁殖与生长作用的机理有待于进一步研究。

关键词: 形态特征, 萌发特性, 环境因子, 种子, 樟子松

Abstract:

Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica has become one of the main tree species for the establishment of artificial forests for sand prevention and control. The differentiation phenomenon of its seed traits in different geographical environments is becoming increasingly serious. In order to investigate the changes in seed phenotype and germination characteristics of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in different regions, the seeds of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica from 5 regions distributed along a natural precipitation gradient were used as test materials. The variation rules of seed size, germination, and seedling growth on precipitation were analyzed, in order to understand the growth adaptation strategies of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica to environmental factors. The results showed that the seed length, seed width, seed thickness, thousand-grain weight, volume, germination rate, and root length of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica showed a decreasing trend with the increase in precipitation. The seed width, seed thickness, thousand-grain weight, volume, and germination rate had a significant linear relationship with precipitation (P<0.05); the root length had a significant exponential function relationship with precipitation (P<0.05). Seed length, seed width, seed thickness, thousand grain weight, volume, germination rate, and root length increased with the increase of sunshine hours. The ratio of seed length to width decreased with the increase of temperature, and there was a significant logarithmic function relationship between the two (R²=0.5669, P<0.05). The relationship between seed length, seed width, seed thickness, seed volume, germination rate, thousand grain weight, root length, and temperature was not significant (P>0.05). The seed length, seed width, volume, and surface area of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seeds in different regions had significant differences (P<0.05). The coefficient of variation of seed volume was the highest (17.96%). Except for the length-width ratio, other seed traits were negatively correlated with the average annual precipitation, were positively correlated with the average annual sunshine hours. In general, with the increase of sunshine hours and the decrease in precipitation, the seeds of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica became larger in five regions, the germination rate increased, and seedling growth improved. The mechanisms underlying the trade-offs between seed traits and precipitation/photoperiod relationships, as well as their effects on the reproduction and growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, warrant further investigation.

Key words: morphological characteristics, germination characteristic, environmental factor, seed, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica

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