Please wait a minute...
img

Wechat

Adv search
JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH  2013, Vol. 33 Issue (4): 1048-1053    DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.001048
Biology and Soil     
Effects of Temperature and Light on Seed Germination of Three Bromus Species
ZHOU Zhi-bin1,2, ZHANG Yuan-ming1, ROBERT S. Nowak3, LILIYA Dimeyeva4
1.Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bio-resource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3.Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno 89557, USA;
4.Institute of Botany and Phytointroduction, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Download:  PDF (2578KB) 
Export:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
Abstract  

Bromus tectorum originated from Eurasia continent and became an invasive species one hundred years ago through contaminated grains. By contrast, the other two species of Bromus, B. catharticus and B. inermis, do not present the similar invasiveness as B. tectorum. In this paper, the differences of seed germination of the three species were studied in aims of finding out whether seed germination activities could influence invasive process. We settled series of gradients of temperature and light on seed germination of the tested species. The results showed that the effect of temperature and light on seed germination rate of Bromus tectorum and Bromus catharticus was not significantly different (p>0.05), while the treatment of high temperature and dark significantly improved seed germination rate of Bromus inermis (p<0.05). Some seed germination indices, such as germination energy, germination index, mean daily germination rate, germination coefficient, peak value and germination value of the three tested plants were enhanced by high temperature and dark treatments. The low temperature treatment, however, showed an opposite effect. In addition, the effects of high temperature and darkness treatment on mean length of incubation time and germination period of the three tested plants were shortened, and low temperature treatment showed an opposite effect. Overall, our results showed that high temperature and darkness treatment played a critical role on seed germination of the three Bromus species, and low temperature treatment showed an opposite role. In general, seed germination index of Bromus tectorum were higher than the other two species under the same treatment, which may be an important reason that Bromus tectorum have so strong invasive abilities.

Key words:  Bromus tectorum      Bromus catharticus      Bromus inermis      temperature      light      seed germination     
Received:  19 December 2012      Published:  09 April 2013
ZTFLH:  Q948  

Cite this article: 

ZHOU Zhi-bin1,2, ZHANG Yuan-ming1, ROBERT S. Nowak3, LILIYA Dimeyeva4. Effects of Temperature and Light on Seed Germination of Three Bromus Species. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2013, 33(4): 1048-1053.

URL: 

http://www.desert.ac.cn/EN/10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.001048     OR     http://www.desert.ac.cn/EN/Y2013/V33/I4/1048

[1]Whitson T D,Burrill L C,Dewey S A,et al.Weeds of the West[M].Laramie:University of Wyoming College of Agriculture,1991:103-112.

[2]Mack R N.Invasion of Bromus tectorum L into Western North America:an ecological chronicle[J].Agro-ecosystems,1981,7(2):145-165.

[3]Bartlett E,Novak S J,Mack R N.Genetic variation in Bromus tectorum (Poaceae):differentiation in the eastern United States[J].American Journal of Botany,2002,89(4):602-612.

[4]Meyer S E,Allen P S.Ecological genetics of seed germination regulation in Bromus tectorum L.Ⅱ.Reaction norms in response to a water stress gradient imposed during seed maturation[J].Oecologia,1999,120(1):35-43.

[5]Adair E C,Burke I C,Lauenroth W K.Contrasting effects of resource availability and plant mortality on plant community invasion by Bromus tectorum L[J].Plant and Soil,2008,304(1):103-115.

[6]Belnap J,Sherrod S K.Soil amendment effects on the exotic annual grass Bromus tectorum L.and facilitation of its growth by the native perennial grass Hilaria jamesii (Torr.) Benth[J].Plant Ecology,2009,201(2):709-721.

[7]Vasquez E,Sheley R,Svejcar T.Nitrogen enhances the competitive ability of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) relative to native grasses[J].Invasive Plant Science and Management,2008,1(3):287-295.

[8]He W M,Yu G L,Sun Z K.Nitrogen deposition enhances Bromus tectorum invasion:biogeographic differences in growth and competitive ability between China and North America[J].Ecography,2011,34(6):1059-1066.

[9]苌伟,吴建国,刘艳红.荒漠木本植物种子萌发研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(2):436-444.

[10]Meyer S E,Allen P S.Predicting seed dormancy loss and germination timing for Bromus tectorum in a semi-arid environment using hydrothermal time models[J].Seed Science Research,2010,19(4):225.

[11]Gasch C,Bingham R.A study of Bromus tectorum L.seed germination in the Gunnison Basin,Colorado[J].Bios,2006,77(1):7-12.

[12]Luo J,Cardina J.Germination patterns and implications for invasiveness in three Taraxacum (Asteraceae) species[J].Weed Research,2012,52(2):112-121.

[13]王雷,田长彦,张道远,等.光照、温度和盐分对囊果碱蓬种子萌发的影响[J].干旱区地理,2005,28(5):670-674.

[14]胡生荣,高永,武飞,等.盐胁迫对两种无芒雀麦种子萌发的影响[J].植物生态学报,2007,31(3):513-520.

[15]Allen P S,Meyer S E.Ecology and ecological genetics of seed dormancy in downy brome [J].Weed Science,2002,50(2):241-247.

[16]Koornneef M,Bentsink L,Hilhorst H.Seed dormancy and germination[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2002,5(1):33-36.

[17]Arnold R L B,Fenner M,Edwards P.Changes in dormancy level in Sorghum halepense seeds induced by water stress during seed development[J].Functional Ecology,1992,6(5):596-605.

[18]Schmitt J,Niles J,Wulff R D.Norms of reaction of seed traits to maternal environments in Plantago lanceolata[J].American Naturalis,1992,139(3):451-466.

[19]鱼小军,王彦荣,曾彦军,等.温度和水分对无芒隐子草和条叶车前种子萌发的影响[J].生态学报,2004,24(5):883-887.

[20]孙建华,王彦荣.聚乙二醇引发对几种牧草种子发芽率和活力的影响[J].草业学报,1999,8(2):34-42.

[21]宋兆伟,郝丽珍,黄振英,等.光照和温度对沙芥和斧翅沙芥植物种子萌发的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(10):2562-2568.

[22]杨利平,宋满珍.光照和温度对百合属6种植物种子萌发的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2000,9(4):14-18.

[23]黄振英.光照、温度和盐分对梭梭种子萌发的影响[J].植物生理学报,2001,27(3):275-280.

[24]路宁娜,崔现亮,王桔红,等.不同贮藏条件和光照对5种蒺藜科植物种子萌发的影响[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(6):1130-1135.

[25]黄振英.白沙蒿种子萌发特性的研究Ⅱ.环境因素的影响[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(2):240-246.

[26]Nyachiro J,Clarke F R,DePauw R M,et al.Temperature effects on seed germination and expression of seed dormancy in wheat[J].Euphytica,2002,126(1):123-127.

[27]王文娟,贺达汉,唐小琴,等.不同温度和沙埋深度对砂生槐种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].中国沙漠,2012,31(6):1437-1442.

[28]李良,王刚.种子萌发对策:理论与实验[J].生态学报,2003,23(6):1165-1174.

[29]王宗灵,徐雨清,王刚.沙区有限降水制约下一年生植物种子萌发与生存对策研究[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),1998,34(2):98-103.

[30]Rejm nek M,Richardson D M.What attributes make some plant species more invasive?[J].Ecology,1996,77(6):1655-1661.

[31]Weber E.Invasive plant species of the world:a reference guide to environmental weeds[M].Wallingford:CABI Publishing,2003:1-24.

No Suggested Reading articles found!