Responses of Carbon Dioxide Fluxes from Biological Soil Crusted Soils to Pulse Rain in Arid Desert Ecosystem

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00199

JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 423-432.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00199

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Responses of Carbon Dioxide Fluxes from Biological Soil Crusted Soils to Pulse Rain in Arid Desert Ecosystem

Jia Xiaohong^1,2, Gu Chen¹, Wu Bo¹, Li Yuanshou³, Cheng Long¹, Li Xinrong²

1. Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
2. Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2015-11-23 Revised:2016-01-30 Online:2016-03-20 Published:2016-03-20

Abstract

Abstract: Biological soil crusts (BSC) are an integral part of the soil system in arid regions worldwide, and make an important role in carbon cycle for its photosynthesis and respiration. Rainfall can affect the change of soil carbon pool by altering the soil moisture. BSC in photosynthesis and respiration may change the carbon fluxes between soil and atmosphere by utilizing the limited moisture. The release fluxes and net fluxes of carbon dioxide from biological soil crusted soils were tested under different simulated rainfall (0, 2, 5, 8, 15 mm) in arid desert ecosystem. The resulted showed that rainfall was able to stimulate the release fluxes of carbon dioxide from biological soil crusted soils. The degree and available time of release flux depended on size of rainfall events. Small rainfall motivated higher velocity and shorter release flux of carbon dioxide, but oppositely for large rainfall. The total carbon productions of biological soil crusted soil from release flux increased with the increasing rainfall. Moss dominated crusted soil has higher total carbon production than cyanobacterial-algae dominated crusted soil (P<0.05) in all level of rainfall events. Fluxes of carbon sink for photosynthesis of BSC by reason of rainfall dropped to the level of that without rain after a single peak. Stimulated available time and the peak value of carbon sink velocity were longer and higher for large rainfall. The total carbon production from sequestration increased with augment rainfall in moss dominated crusts. But, when rainfall reaches to 15 mm, cyanobacterial-algae dominated crusts lowered in the total carbon production of sequestration. When the rainfall was lower (<5 mm), the total carbon production of carbon sink from moss dominated crusts was lower than that of cyanobacterial-algae dominated crusts (P<0.05). When the rainfall was higher (≥5 mm), the effect was contrary. Net carbon flux for most of the year in arid region showed a carbon source during the drought, but was transitory carbon uptake at the beginning of rainfall from crusted soil towards atmosphere. The effect of carbon source for cyanobacterial-algae dominated crusted soil can be enhanced in both large and small rainfall events, and moderate rainfall could reduce this kind of effect. Rainfall events no matter size were capable to increase the effect of carbon source from moss dominated crusted soil. But, the enhanced effect of carbon source for moss dominated crusted soil was reduced with increased rainfall. The carbon productions from net carbon release in cyanobacterial-algae crusted soil under less than or equal 8mm rainfall were lower than those of moss crusted soil, adversely under greater than 8mm rainfall. The results suggested that the effect from size of rainfall on carbon release should be taken into account when carbon budget were evaluated between soil and atmosphere in arid region. The role of rainfall size in carbon exchange from crusted soil towards atmosphere should be differentiated in different biological soil crusted soils.

Key words: arid desert ecosystem, biological soil crusts, pulsing rainfall, carbon flux

CLC Number:

S154.36

Jia Xiaohong, Gu Chen, Wu Bo, Li Yuanshou, Cheng Long, Li Xinrong. Responses of Carbon Dioxide Fluxes from Biological Soil Crusted Soils to Pulse Rain in Arid Desert Ecosystem[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2016, 36(2): 423-432.

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Responses of Carbon Dioxide Fluxes from Biological Soil Crusted Soils to Pulse Rain in Arid Desert Ecosystem

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