Abstract: Calligonum mongolicum is an important windbreak and sand fixing plant in arid and desert areas of China.Revealing the spatial distribution of this species and understanding the potential impacts of climate warming on its future distribution are critical for desertification control in China. In this study, the potential geographic distribution of C.mongolicum in current, 2041-2060 and 2061-2080 was simulated using MaxEntsoftware based on species presence data and 22 environmental variables. The results showed that: (1) the main climatic and environmental factors affecting the distribution of C.mongolicum are annual precipitation, annual mean air temperature,temperature annual range,temperature annual range and altitude; (2) at present, the suitable habitat area of C.mongolicum is about 5.4×10⁵ km², the high suitable habitat is 7×10⁴ km², mainly distributed in the Tarim Basin, the edge zone of the Junggar basinin Xinjiang;The Hexi Corridor and its surrounding, and the Tengger Desert in Gansu Province;(3) in the future climate change, the suitable habitat of the C.mongolicum is greatly increased, and the suitable habitat is moved to the high latitudes.The high suitable habitat centralized distributionin the Hexi Corridor of Gansu and the Tengger Desert.

Key words: Calligonum mongolicum, species distribution, suitable habitat, MaxEnt