Characteristics and causes of persistent sand-dust weather in mid-March 2021 over Northern China

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00062

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 245-255.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00062

Characteristics and causes of persistent sand-dust weather in mid-March 2021 over Northern China

Xiaojun Yang¹(), Qiang Zhang²(), Peilong Ye¹^,³, Haojun Qin¹, Lili Xu¹, Li Ma¹, Chongshui Gong²

^1.Lanzhou Central Meteorological Observatory，Lanzhou 730020，China
^2.Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province / CMA Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster，Lanzhou Institute of Arid Meteorological，China Meteorological Administration，Lanzhou 730020，China
^3.Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change，Ministry of Education / College of Atmospheric Sciences，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou 730020，China

Received:2021-05-08 Revised:2021-05-16 Online:2021-05-26 Published:2021-05-26
Contact: Qiang Zhang

Abstract

Abstract:

Sand-dust weather is a kind of disastrous weather frequently occurring in the spring in Northern China， which severely endangers agricultural production， transportation， air quality and the safety of people's lives and properties. It has been widely concerned by all walks of life for a long time.This paper uses multi-source and multi-scale data， synoptic analysis， physical quantity diagnosis， trajectory analysis and other methods to conduct an in-depth analysis of the cause of a continuous heavy dust pollution weather in the eastern part of Northwest China in mid-March 2021. The results show that：（1） Affected by the strong development of Mongolian cyclone， the strong sandstorms weather first appeared in the southern Mongolia and the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia on March 14， and the sand and dust were transported to the northwest， north and northeast of China， and it lasted for up to 5 days in the eastern part of Northwest China. （2）During the maintenance of the sand-dust weather in the eastern part of Northwest China， the middle and low layers are dominated by weak ascending movement， the atmosphere stratification is stable， and the weak frontogenesis process developed continuously， which was not conducive to the sedimentation of sand and dust. The fluctuations in the vertical helicity of the Yinchuan， Zhongwei， and Lanzhou stations distributed from north to south are basically consistent with the variation of dust concentration in these stations in the continuous stage of dust weather. In addition， the height of the mixed layer during the duration of the dust weather is significantly lower than its climatic average， which is not conducive to the development of atmospheric turbulence. （3） The trajectory analysis shows that the sand and dust affecting the eastern part of northwestern China is mainly caused by the import of Mongolia. Nearly 20 years， the vegetation in the border areas between China and Mongolia and southern Mongolia shows a decreasing trend， which may be the main reason that the sand source of this sandstorm is mainly from the south of Mongolia.

Key words: Northern China, Spring, persistent sand and dust, weather process, causes

CLC Number:

X513

Xiaojun Yang, Qiang Zhang, Peilong Ye, Haojun Qin, Lili Xu, Li Ma, Chongshui Gong. Characteristics and causes of persistent sand-dust weather in mid-March 2021 over Northern China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2021, 41(3): 245-255.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 The actual of sand-dust weather on March 14-19, 2021

Fig.2 The difference between the MOD13 vegetation index in February 2021 and the MOD13 vegetation index in February 2000

Fig.3 The time change of visibility (A) and PM10 mass concentration (B)

Fig.4 The 500 hPa high-altitude map （A） and ground map （B） at 08:00 on March 14 and the 500 hPa high-altitude map （C） and ground map （D） at 08:00 on March 15，2021

Fig.5 The time-height profile of temperature, vertical velocity and wind field

Fig.6 The time-latitude profile ofmean value of frontogenesis functionfrom 104° to 106° E. The gray dotted line represents 45°N, 38.47°N (Yinchuan latitude), 37.53°N (Zhongwei latitude), 36.04°N (Lanzhou latitude)

Fig.7 The time changes of vertical helicity at the three stations of Yinchuan, Zhongwei and Lanzhou

Fig.8 The time change of vertical helicityfrom 36°N to 50°N at 104°E

Fig.9 The time changes of Mixing depth at the three stations of Yinchuan, Zhongwei and Lanzhou

Fig.10 Lanzhou 48-hour backward trajectory simulation at 20:00 on March 16, 2021

References 29

1	钱正安，宋敏红，李万元.近50年来中国北方沙尘暴的分布及变化趋势分析［J］.中国沙漠，2002，22（2）：106-111.
2	全林生，时少英，朱亚芬，等.中国沙尘天气变化的时空特征及其气候原因［J］.地理学报，2001，56（4）：477-485.
3	康杜娟，王会军.中国北方沙尘暴气候形势的年代际变化［J］.中国科学：地球科学，2005，35（11）：1096-1102.
4	Alina B，Yousef N.Statistical analysis of dust storms in the United Arab Emirates［J］.Atmospheric Research，2020，231（1）：104669.1-104669.12.
5	张平，杨德保，尚可政，等.2002年春季中国沙尘天气与物理量场的相关分析［J］.中国沙漠，2003，23（6）：72-77.
6	王建鹏，沈桐立，刘小英，等.西北地区一次沙尘暴过程的诊断分析及地形影响的模拟试验［J］.高原气象，2006，25（2）：93-101.
7	赵琳娜，赵思雄.一次引发华北和北京沙尘暴天气的快速发展气旋的诊断研究［J］.大气科学，2004，28（5）：83-96.
8	冯鑫媛，王式功，杨德保，等.近几年沙尘天气对中国北方环保重点城市可吸入颗粒物污染的影响［J］.中国沙漠，2011，31（3）：735-740.
9	郭晓宁，王钰，马秀梅，等.半干旱区一次典型沙尘重污染天气过程分析：以青海东部为例［J］.环境科学学报，2021，41（2）：343-353.
10	王汝佛，冯强，尚可政.2010春季中国一次强沙尘暴过程分析［J］.干旱区地理，2014，37（1）：31-44.
11	刘景涛，钱正安，姜学恭，等.中国北方特强沙尘暴的天气系统分型研究［J］.高原气象，2004，23（4）：540-547.
12	姜学恭，沈建国，刘景涛，等.导致一例强沙尘暴的若干天气因素的观测和模拟研究［J］.气象学报，2003，61（5）：606-620.
13	杨艳萍，王莉娜，杨丽丽，等.兰州市沙尘天气污染特征及潜在源区［J］.中国沙漠，2020，40（3）：60-66.
14	胡元洁，蒋楠.沙尘天气对西安市环境空气质量的影响［J］.中国沙漠，2020，40（6）：53-60.
15	许东蓓，任余龙，李文莉，等.“4.29”中国西北强沙尘暴数值模拟及螺旋度分析［J］.高原气象，2011，30（1）：115-124.
16	赵庆云，张武，吕萍，等.河西走廊“2010.04.24”特强沙尘暴特征分析［J］.高原气象，2012，31（3）：688-696.
17	王式功，杨德保，金炯，等.中国西北地区黑风暴的成因和对策［J］.中国沙漠，1995，15（1）：19-30.
18	胡隐樵，光田宁.强沙尘暴发展与干飑线：黑风暴形成的一个机理分析［J］.高原气象，1996，15（2）：49-56.
19	张强，王胜.论特强沙尘暴（黑风）的物理特征及其气候效应［J］.中国沙漠，2005，25（5）：675-681.
20	张君霞，黄倩，田文寿，等.对流冷池对黑风暴沙尘抬升和传输影响的大涡模拟研究［J］.高原气象，2018，37（3）：850-862.
21	陶健红，王劲松，冯建英.螺旋度在一次强沙尘暴天气分析中的应用［J］.中国沙漠，2004，24（1）：85-89.
22	常兆丰，赵明，韩福贵，等.民勤沙尘暴分布的地理因素及其前期气象特征［J］.干旱区地理，2009，32（3）：412-417.
23	谢潇，何金海，祁莉.4种再分析资料在中国区域的适用性研究进展［J］.气象与环境学报，2011，27（5）：58-65.
24	Wang X M，Yu X D，Zhu H.The Applicability of NCEP reanalysis data to severe convection environment analysis［J］.Journal of Applied Meteorological Science，2012，23（2）：139-146.
25	罗彪，刘暄.基于后向轨迹模式下的合肥市大气污染来源研究［J］.中国科学技术大学学报，2019，49（4）：321-328.
26	Lee C B，Park S J，Kim J C，et al.Comparison of model results for variation and resolution of meteorological field using HY-SPLIT［J］.Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment，2010，19（3）：223-230.
27	闵月，李娜，汤浩.2015年春季北疆沿天山一带一次强沙尘暴过程分析［J］.沙漠与绿洲气象，2017，11（5）：30-37.
28	常兆丰，赵明，韩福贵，等.民勤沙尘暴分布的地理因素及其前期气象特征［J］.干旱区地理，2009，32（3）：412-417.
29	Zhang Q，Yang J H，Wang W，et al.Climatic warming and humidification in the arid region of Northwest China：multi-scale characteristics and impacts on ecological vegetation［J］.Journal of Meteorological Research，2021，35（1）：1-15.

[1]	Wang Ying, Zhao Wen, Zhang Qiang. Evaluation of Agricultural Drought Vulnerability in Northern China [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2019, 39(4): 149-158.
[2]	Zhang Dinghai, Li Xinrong, Zhang Peng. Significance of Eco-hydrological Threshold in Artificial Vegetation Ecosystem Management in China Desert Area [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2017, 37(4): 678-688.
[3]	Zhang Renping, Feng Qisheng, Guo Jing, Shang Zhenyan, Liang Tiangang. Spatio-temporal Changes of NDVI and Climatic Factors of Grassland in Northern China from 2000 to 2012 [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(5): 1403-1412.
[4]	Zhang Kecun, Qu Jianjun, Niu Qinghe, An Zhishan, Jing Zhefan, Zhang Weimin. Near-surface Aeolian Sand Paths and Intensity around the Crescent Moon Spring, Dunhuang, China [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(3): 521-525.
[5]	Chen Jie, Zhao Suping, Yin Daiying, Qu Jianjun. Effect of Dust Process on Air Quality in Cities of Northern China [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2015, 35(2): 423-430.
[6]	Liu Honglan, Zhang Qiang, Guo Junqin, Wang Sheng, Zhang Haowen. Spatial Differentiation of Spring Precipitation in the Heihe River Basin and Its Correlation with the River Flow [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2014, 34(6): 1633-1640.
[7]	Liu Honglan, Zhang Qiang, Wang Sheng, Guo Junqin, Yang Huan. Abnormal Spatial Distribution of Spring Precipitation and Its Decadal Variability in the Hexi Corridor in the Arid Area of Northwest China [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2014, 34(5): 1386-1392.
[8]	Zhang Hao, Zhang Kecun, An Zhishan, Pang Yingjun. Grain Size Characteristics of Sand Dunes around the Crescent Moon Spring in Dunhuang, China [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2014, 34(3): 645-649.
[9]	Shen Jie, Li Yaohui, Hu Tiantian, Yin Han. Causes and Surface Elements Characteristics of a Heavy Sand-storm in 2010 in Minqin of Gansu, China [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2014, 34(2): 507-517.
[10]	An Zhishan, Zhang Kecun, Qu Jianjun, Tan Lihai, Niu Qinghe, Zhang Weimin, Yin Daiying. The Near-surface Airflow Field of Pyramid Dune and Its Influence on The Crescent Moon Spring in Dunhuang, China [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2014, 34(1): 9-15.
[11]	ZHAO Ming-rui1,2, YAN Da-tong2, LI Yan-ying1,3, ZHANG Chun-song2, HU Li-li2. Change Characteristics of Sandstorm Frequency and Its Causes in 2001-2010 over Minqin, Gansu, China [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2013, 33(4): 1144-1149.
[12]	CHEN Yi1,2,SHANG Ke-zheng1, WANG Shi-gong1, Li Yan1. Characteristics of Sand-dust Weather in Northern China from 2002 to 2010 and Its Relationship with Surface Wind Speed and NDVI [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2012, 32(6): 1702-1709.
[13]	ZHANG Ke-cun, NIU Qing-he, QU Jian-jun, AN Zhi-shan, ZHANG Wei-min. Analysis of Wind-blown Sand Environment in the Singing Sand Mountain & Crescent Moon Spring Scenic Spot in Dunhuang, China [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2012, 32(4): 896-900.
[14]	WANG Tao;SONG Xiang;YAN Chang-zhen;LI Sen;XIE Jia-li. Remote Sensing Analysis on Aeolian Desertification Trends in Northern China during 1975—2010 [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2011, 31(6): 1351-1356.
[15]	Tursun Kasim;Manisagul Tursun;Zumrat Ibrayim;Ayshem Ismayil;HAN Gui-hong. Implicit Causes of Land Desertification Development in the Tarim River Basin [J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2011, 31(6): 1380-1387.

Characteristics and causes of persistent sand-dust weather in mid-March 2021 over Northern China

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 10

References 29

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments