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Journal of Desert Research ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 22-31.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00112

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Characteristics of solar radiation and influencing factors in the Turpan-Hami Basin

Dingyu Cheng1,2(), Xinchun Liu2, Yuting Zhong2(), Mamtimin Mamtali·2, Jiacheng Gao2   

  1. 1.College of Ecology and Environment,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China
    2.China Meteorological Administration Field Scientific Experiment Base of Akdala Atmospheric Background / Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Meteorology and Sandstorm,Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China
  • Received:2025-04-16 Revised:2025-07-11 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-11
  • Contact: Yuting Zhong

Abstract:

Based on solar radiation and meteorological observation data (1994-2023) and PM10 concentration data (2000-2023) from the Turpan-Hami Basin, this study systematically investigated the characteristics of multi-time-scale solar radiation variations and their influencing factors using linear trend estimation and Pearson correlation analysis. The results indicate that: (1) Over the past 30 years, the mean annual solar radiation at Turpan and Hami stations was 5 449.87 MJ·m-2 and 6 146.68 MJ·m-2, respectively, exhibiting significant spatial heterogeneity. Turpan station showed a significant downward trend (2.91 MJ·m-2·a-1), while Hami station exhibited a significant upward trend (4.45 MJ·m-2·a-1). The occurrence timing and magnitudes of solar radiation extremes differed between the stations. Diurnally, solar radiation displayed a unimodal pattern with peak intensity concentrated around noon. (2) Both stations experienced significant warming trends (0.09 °C·a-1 and 0.05 °C·a-1, respectively), while annual mean total cloud cover remained relatively stable (both approximately 44.33%). PM10 concentrations demonstrated significant declining trends (-0.11 μg·m-3·a-1 and -0.57 μg·m-3·a-1, respectively). (3) The seasonal pattern of solar radiation (summer > spring > autumn > winter) aligned with observations from other arid regions like the Taklimakan Desert. However, the spatiotemporal differentiation of daily peak radiation was jointly regulated by the annual cycle of solar elevation angle and topographic altitude gradients. (4) PM10 particles attenuated surface solar radiation through scattering and absorption processes. The persistently high PM10 concentration near Turpan station, influenced by its proximity to dust sources and specific geographic setting, was the primary factor driving its declining solar radiation trend. Conversely, the faster reduction in PM₁₀ concentration at Hami station significantly contributed to its observed increase in solar radiation.

Key words: Turpan-Hami Basin, solar radiation, meteorological elements, PM10

CLC Number: