Temporal and spatial evolution of landscape ecological risks and driving forces in the Mu Us Sandy Land

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00129

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 230-240.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00129

Temporal and spatial evolution of landscape ecological risks and driving forces in the Mu Us Sandy Land

Siqi Li¹(), Haibing Wang¹^,²^,³(), Xiaofei Yuan¹, Huricha Ao¹, Haoqin Yang¹

^1.School of Desert Management /, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，Hohhot 010018，China
^2.National Key Laboratory of Arid Zone Water Engineering Ecological Environment /, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，Hohhot 010018，China
^3.Key Laboratory of Wind Sand Physics and Sand Control Engineering in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University，Hohhot 010018，China

Received:2025-04-30 Revised:2025-06-27 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-27
Contact: Haibing Wang

Abstract

Abstract:

This article takes the Mu Su Sandy Land as the research object， based on 8 periods of remote sensing data， constructs a landscape ecological risk index， integrates landscape pattern index and geographic detector model， and reveals the spatiotemporal evolution law of desert landscape ecological risk， as well as the impact process of the interaction between natural and human factors on ecological risk. The results showed that from 1990 to 2023， there were significant changes in sandy landscape， with an increase of 5.70×10³ km² in grassland area and a decrease of 8.01×10³ km² in unused land area； With the launch of national ecological projects such as the "Three North" project and the return of farmland to forests and grasslands， low-risk areas of sandy land are concentrated in Shenmu City， Wushen Banner and other places， with an increase of 2.04×10⁴km² in area. High risk areas are concentrated in Etuoke Banner and Etuoke Front Banner where the sandy land is located， with a decrease of 0.05×10³ km² in area； NDVI （with a contribution rate of over 30%） and annual precipitation dominate the risk evolution in natural factors， while the impact of population density in socio-economic factors continues to increase. The interaction between the two significantly enhances the explanatory power of risk； Ecological projects such as the Three-North Shelterbelt Program have reduced the medium and high ecological risk areas by 57.3%， verified the long-term effectiveness of policy intervention on ecological restoration in vulnerable areas， and provided theoretical and data support for sand control and ecological security barrier construction.

Key words: landscape ecological risk, spatial and temporal evolution, geoprobe, driving factors, the Mu Us Sandy Land

CLC Number:

S288

Siqi Li, Haibing Wang, Xiaofei Yuan, Huricha Ao, Haoqin Yang. Temporal and spatial evolution of landscape ecological risks and driving forces in the Mu Us Sandy Land[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(5): 230-240.

Figures/Tables 13

References 40

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序号	景观类型	脆弱度分级	景观脆弱度
1	耕地	4	0.190
2	林地	2	0.095
3	草地	3	0.143
4	水域	5	0.238
5	未利用地	6	0.286
6	建设用地	1	0.048

序号	景观类型	脆弱度分级	景观脆弱度
1	耕地	4	0.190
2	林地	2	0.095
3	草地	3	0.143
4	水域	5	0.238
5	未利用地	6	0.286
6	建设用地	1	0.048

生态风险等级	低	较低	中等	较高	高	1990年总计
低	0.00	0.86	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.87
较低	2.93	0.90	0.00	0.18	0.00	4.01
中等	13.88	6.92	0.88	0.00	0.00	21.67
较高	4.45	4.95	0.92	2.93	0.38	13.63
高	0.00	0.00	0.29	0.14	0.02	0.45
2023年总计	21.26	13.63	2.08	3.27	0.40	40.63
面积净变化	20.39	9.61	-19.59	-10.36	-0.05	0.00

生态风险等级	低	较低	中等	较高	高	1990年总计
低	0.00	0.86	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.87
较低	2.93	0.90	0.00	0.18	0.00	4.01
中等	13.88	6.92	0.88	0.00	0.00	21.67
较高	4.45	4.95	0.92	2.93	0.38	13.63
高	0.00	0.00	0.29	0.14	0.02	0.45
2023年总计	21.26	13.63	2.08	3.27	0.40	40.63
面积净变化	20.39	9.61	-19.59	-10.36	-0.05	0.00

影响因素	因子	年份
影响因素	因子	1990	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015	2020	2023
自然因素	归一化植被指数	—	—	31.68	32.17	33.80	29.97	29.82	33.25
	高程	3.55	3.55	3.26	5.33	11.89	12.16	10.35	9.47
	坡度	0.21	0.21	0.41	0.10	0.24	0.17	0.18	0.12
	年降水量	5.29	5.29	8.39	5.79	15.23	8.76	13.07	12.89
	年平均气温	5.29	5.29	7.35	6.66	9.38	8.77	6.67	5.67
社会经济因素	GDP密度	2.96	2.96	2.75	2.26	1.52	1.47	1.18	—
	人口密度	4.48	4.48	1.35	5.98	11.33	12.85	8.45	—
	夜间灯光指数	4.48	4.48	5.40	2.99	1.03	1.81	1.72	—
	人为干扰度	3.92	3.92	0.14	2.18	1.53	1.26	1.54	1.18

Temporal and spatial evolution of landscape ecological risks and driving forces in the Mu Us Sandy Land

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风险等级	主导因子	管理建议
低风险区	单因子：NDVI；交互因子：NDVI∩人口密度	确定生态红线，合理调配人、生产和生态空间等
较低风险区		协调减少人类对生态环境的影响、建立生态政策补偿机制等
中等风险区		采取防沙治沙措施、建立生态政策补偿机制等
较高风险区		建立自然保护区、采取防沙治沙措施等
高风险区		建立自然保护区等

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