| Biology and Soil |
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| Effect of Drip Irrigation on Forest Soil Salinity Distribution in Lower Reaches of Tarim River, China |
| ZHAO Xin-feng1, WANG Wei1, ZHANG Tao2, BAI Yuan1, XU Hai-liang1 |
1.Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
2.Management Workstation of 34 Group of Second Division, 841507, Xinjiang, China |
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Abstract We analyzed the soil salinity leaching characteristics of shelterbelts under drip irrigation in the Kalamiji oasis in the lower reaches of Tarim River, northwest of China. The results indicate that: (1) Soil salinity decreased at 0-20 cm soil layer and accumulated at 20-50 cm soil layer under drip irrigation Soil salinity in the artificial shelterbelts without irrigation was similar to that in sand dunes. Spatial heterogeneity of soil salinity in sand dunes was greater than that in shelterbelts with no irrigation. Soil salinity was lower in shelterbelts with irrigation than in shelterbelts without irrigation. (2) Effect of controlling salinity leaching under 1.5-m emitter distance treatment was much significant than that under other treatments (P<0.01). The difference of soil salinity contents at 50 cm soil layer between 1.5-m and 3-m emitter distance was significant (P<0.01). Salinity under 1.5 m distance was lower than that in sand dunes by 30.5%-32.7%, salinity under 3 m distance was higher than that in sand dunes by 17.1%-13.3%. Compared with the treatment of 3-m emitter distance, the position of the highest salinity layer moved downward under 1.5-m emitter distance, which because of the "interaction" impact between salt and water. (3) Salinity was leached below 30 cm, 50 cm and 70 cm respectively in shelterbelts when drip irrigation lasted for 1-year, 2-years and 3-years. There almost no influence of salinity on roots in these depths above. Root biomass increased and soil salinity near the roots decreased gradually with the drip irrigation days. Most of Elaeagnus angustifolia roots of 1-3 years are distributed within the 10-65 cm soil layer. Location of roots can be moved upward under long term drip irrigation condition.（4） In non-irrigation seasons, mean value of salinity in 0-120 cm soil body presented: 1-year shelterbelt>2-year shelterbelt>6-year shelterbelt, indicate that the leaching effect was more apparent in old forest. Phenomenon of “surface aggregation” was more apparently in old shelterbelts.
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Received: 16 August 2011
Published: 20 May 2012
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2012, Vol. 32 
